Teaching Research On Cultivating High School Students’ Physics Problem Solving Ability Based On PBL Teaching Mode

Since the 21 st century,the traditional teaching mode which focuses on imparting knowledge to students but neglects the development of students’ ability has been unable to meet the requirements of the society for the development of talents.As a key ability necessary for students to face various new challenges,problem-solving ability is not only a requirement in high school education under the background of new curriculum reform,but also the needs for healthy development of students.Through literature study,it is found that PBL(Problem-Based Learning)teaching model and problem-solving ability training are in line with each other in terms of educational concept and teaching implementation.Therefore,this study applies PBL teaching model to high school physics teaching to explore its feasibility and effectiveness in cultivating high school students’ physics problem-solving ability.Firstly,the literature research method was used to sort out and analyze the research status of PBL teaching model and physics problem solving ability at home and abroad,and the connotation of these two concepts was defined.On the basis of constructivist learning theory,situational learning theory and information processing theory,this paper expounds the theoretical basis of applying PBL teaching model to cultivate high school students’ physics problem-solving ability.By comparing the process of PBL teaching model and the process of solving physical problems,it is concluded that both of them have a certain correlation.So far,this study has laid a good theoretical foundation for the application of PBL teaching model in high school physics teaching to cultivate students’ physics problem-solving ability.Secondly,questionnaire survey and interview are used to investigate the current situation of high school students’ physics problem solving ability and cultivation.The results are as follows: The physical problem-solving ability of high school students is generally at the average level,mainly reflected in the attitude of solving physical problems is relatively passive,facing the physical problem is not high enthusiasm;In the aspect of solving physics problem strategy,the method is not solid,difficult to realize flexible transformation;Compared with the other two dimensions,the students’ performance level in the quality of solving physics problems is the lowest.The innovation of solving physics problems is poor,and the reflection and transfer ability needs to be improved.Teachers’ efforts to cultivate students’ problem-solving ability in physics are not enough.Although some physical problems and exploratory activities are designed in daily teaching to consolidate students’ cognition and exercise their thinking ability,they are mainly explained by teachers directly in class,and students lack time and space for independent thinking and in-depth exploration.Thirdly,based on the results of theoretical research and investigation,corresponding teaching strategies focusing on cultivating students’ specific ability of physical problem solving are proposed respectively in the five links of PBL teaching model.In the link of "situation creation,problem definition",the real situation is created,cognitive conflicts are triggered,and the teaching activities are varied to cultivate the ability to raise questions.In the "independent exploration and analysis of problems" link,the information condition is changeable,and the heuristic teaching is used to cultivate the ability of analyzing problems.In the "cooperation and exchange to solve problems" link,establish learning community,teachers and students interact equally to cultivate problem-solving ability;In the link of "results presentation,expand thinking",exchange and display achievements and diversified ways of evaluation to cultivate the ability to express problems;In the "summarize and evaluate,reflect on the problem" link,review the learning process,transfer the application of reality to cultivate the ability to reflect on problems.Finally,for the purpose of cultivating physics problem solving ability,PBL teaching model is applied,combined with the teaching strategy proposed in this study,two classes of "Flat throw Motion" and "Experiment: Verifying the Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy" are selected to design teaching cases,hoping to provide reference for first-line physics teachers to cultivate students’ physics problem-solving ability and apply PBL model to teaching.