| Objective: Through testing 420 subjects and analyzed the correlation between hand grip strength and other indicators,95 of them were selected for an exercise intervention aimed at improving grip strength,confirming the effect of the exercise intervention programmed in improving grip strength in older people while promoting other physical fitness indicators,and exploring the value of grip strength in the evaluation of physical fitness in older people.Method: The study was divided into two phases.In the first phase,a large sample size of subjects was tested for indicators and the results were analyzed for description and correlation.The second stage was based on this to select the study subjects for the exercise intervention study,and the test results were analyzed for differences.1)Subjects: In the first phase,541 elderly people aged 60 years or above in nine communities in Hohhot,including Kangle Community,Jianhuabei Community,Sanshundian Community,Wutaqian Community,Chuangye Community,Gonganting Community,Wulan Community,Xiaoxijie Community and Liangshanjie Community.A total of 420 elderly people were included in this study after screening by inclusion and exclusion criteria.In the second phase,older people in the Xiaoxijie Community and Liangshanjie Community were selected and divided into an intervention group of 68 and a control group of 72.After the intervention,those older people who were unable to complete all the tests and interventions for various reasons were excluded,resulting in a total of 46 in the intervention group and 49 in the control group.2)Indicators tested: The first stage is the measurement of grip strength,body shape,physical fitness and motor ability indicators.The specific tests are: height,weight,blood pressure,pulse,lung capacity,seated forward bend,30° sit-ups,8-step fold walk and 10 m obstacle walk.In the second phase,forearm circumference,upper limb bone density and atherosclerosis risk indicators were newly added to this and tested twice before and after the exercise intervention.3)Exercise intervention:(1)Content: five parts including warm-up exercises,grip strength training,simple activities for the whole body,finger dexterity training and relaxation exercises;(2)Intensity: following the principle of gradual progression,with adjustments in the number and length of sets after every 4-6 weeks;(3)Time and frequency: a total of 12 weeks,3 times a week,30-40 minutes each time.4)Data processing: Derived indicators were calculated from the test indicators and data results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.Differences between groups were analyzed by chi-square test for numerical indicators and by t-test for independent samples,t-test for paired samples and Pearson’s correlation for correlations,with the significance level set at P < 0.05.Result:1)Results from 420 subjects showed that right-and left-hand grip strength was positively correlated with height,weight,lung capacity and 30° sit-ups,and negatively correlated with 8-step toss and 10 m obstacle walk(P <0.01).Relative left-and right-hand grip strength was positively correlated with height,lung capacity and 30° sit-ups and negatively correlated with weight,BMI,8-step toss and 10 m obstacle walk(P <0.01).Absolute grip strength differences were positively correlated with height,lung capacity,30° sit-ups and 8-step switchbacks(P<0.01).2)After the exercise intervention,the intervention group had 4.91 kg and 4.67 kg greater left-and right-hand grip strength,9.54 and 9.14 greater relative left-and right-hand grip strength respectively than the control group(P<0.01),3.56 kg smaller absolute grip strength difference,2.57 s less time for 8-step folded walk(P<0.01)and 64.39 m/s greater radial SOS(P<0.05).3)After the exercise intervention,the male intervention group showed greater left and right hand grip strength and relative grip strength,smaller absolute grip strength difference(P<0.05),more 30° sit-ups and less time spent on the 8-step fold walk compared to the control group(P<0.01);the female intervention group showed greater left and right hand grip strength and relative grip strength,smaller absolute grip strength difference(P<0.01)and less time spent on the 8-step fold walk compared to the control group(P<0.01).4)After the exercise intervention,the left and right hand grip strength and relative grip strength became greater(P<0.01),the absolute value of grip strength difference became smaller(P<0.05),the 8-step folded walk(P<0.01)and the time taken by the 10 m handicapped decreased(P<0.05)in the intervention group aged 60 to 74 years compared to the control group;only the absolute value of grip strength difference became smaller(P<0.01)in the intervention group aged 75 to 88 years compared to the control group.5)After the exercise intervention,the post-intervention group improved left hand grip strength by 6.21 kg,right hand grip strength by 4.87 kg,left hand relative grip strength by 11.71,right hand relative grip strength by 9.11(P<0.01)and grip strength difference by 1.54 kg in absolute value(P<0.01);weight loss by 0.85 kg,BMI by 0.32kg/m2(P< 0.05);pulse rate decreased by 2.48 beats/min(P<0.01),lung capacity increased by 140.37ml(P<0.05);sitting forward bend increased by 1.02cm(P<0.05),and the time taken for the 8-step fold walk and 10 m obstacle walk decreased by 1.71 s and 0.76 s respectively(P<0.01).Conclusion:1)There is a significant correlation between grip strength and other physical health indicators in the elderly,suggesting that grip strength can be used to indirectly evaluate other physical health indicators in the elderly.2)The 12-week grip circle exercise can improve grip strength in older adults,and also has a promoting effect on other physical health indicators,among which the effect is more significant in older adults aged 60-74. |
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