The Influence Of Visual And Auditory Emotional Design And Seductive Details On Multimedia Learning

With the development of science and technology,multimedia learning has been widely used in the field of teaching.In order to make multimedia learning achieve better teaching effect,researchers have explored many influencing factors in multimedia learning.Some researchers believe that: not only the cognitive factors in multimedia learning should be studied,but also the role of learners’ emotions in learning should be paid attention to,so emotional design has become one of the research hotspots in multimedia learning in recent years.The research direction of emotion design is divided into two categories,one is internal emotion design and the other is external emotion elicitation.A number of studies have proved that the effect of external emotion elicitation on learners before learning on multimedia learning effect is not obvious,so a large number of studies have started to focus on the effect of internal emotion design on learning materials on multimedia learning and its mechanism.Among them,internal emotional design is divided into visual emotional design and auditory emotional design according to the information processing channels,and previous studies have found that internal emotional design may have a positive effect on multimedia learning effectiveness.In addition,to enhance learners’ interest in learning,interesting,but irrelevant pictures and text are often added to multimedia learning,and these contents are called seductive details.Seductive details tend to impair learning outcomes,such as impairment of retention and transfer performance.This phenomenon is known as the seductive detail effect.How to reduce the damage of seductive details on learning effect is one of the hot research topics in multimedia learning field in recent years.Based on the current state of research on seductive detail and emotional design in multimedia learning,this study will ask the following research questions: First,does the seductive detail effect exist stably in multimedia learning?Second,can both visual emotional design and auditory emotional design have beneficial effects on multimedia learning? Third,can the beneficial effects of visual and auditory emotional design on multimedia learning be exploited to reduce the detrimental effects of seductive details on learning? What is the mechanism of action?This study will explore the effects of visual and auditory internal emotional design and seductive details on multimedia learning through eye-movement analysis techniques,aiming to find out the laws of multimedia learning and provide educators with better solutions for the presentation of multimedia learning materials.In the first experiment,112 college students and postgraduates were selected as subjects to investigate the influence of two independent variables,visual emotion design and seductive detail,on multimedia learning through the experimental design of2(with or without seductive details)×4(visual emotion design: neutral,anthropomorphic,warm color,anthropomorphic plus warm color).The results show that the effect of seductive detail is found in emotionless design,that is,seductive detail will damage learners’ retention and transfer performance,but not in anthropomorphic and anthropomorphic emotional design with warm colors.Anthropomorphic visual emotion design with warm colors can induce learners’ positive emotions,improve learners’ retention and transfer performance as well as learning satisfaction,and reduce the number and total fixation time of attractive details.In the second experiment,89 college students and postgraduates were selected as subjects.2(with or without seductive details)×3(auditory emotion design: Low pitch,original pitch,high pitch),the study shows that seductive details will damage learners’ retention and transfer performance,low pitch auditory emotion design can improve learners’ positive emotion,retention and transfer performance and reduce learners’ cognitive load,under the condition of seductive details,Low-pitched auditory emotional design reduces the number and total gaze time of learners on seductive details.The results of this study show that the seductive details have a damaging effect on multimedia learning,specifically,the addition of seductive details will damage learners’ retention and transfer performance.The visual emotion design with anthropomorphic and warm colors and the low tone design with the original tone lowered by 0.5ERB in the auditory emotion design can successfully induce the positive emotion of learners and improve the retention and transfer performance of subjects,but cannot improve the recognition performance of learners.In addition,the personification plus warm color visual emotion design can improve learners’ internal motivation and learning satisfaction,but can not reduce learners’ cognitive load;Low pitch auditory emotion design can reduce learners’ cognitive load,but can not significantly improve learners’ internal motivation and learning satisfaction.Under the condition of seductive details,anthropomorphic or anthropomorphic visual emotion design with warm colors can alleviate the damage of seductive details on multimedia learning effect,which is specifically reflected in reducing the damage of seductive details on learners’ retention and transfer performance.