| The occurrence of accidents in mountain outdoor sports is usually caused by both subjective and objective factors.Objective factors are mostly uncontrollable or unpredictable factors,such as earthquakes,typhoons,flash floods and other irresistible natural disasters,as well as unexpected events,and the resulting risk hazards are generally irreversible.Subjective factors are mainly reflected in the aspects of mountain outdoor sports enthusiasts themselves,such as insufficient awareness of sports risk prevention among enthusiasts,wrong behaviors arising from misjudgment of risks,and negative personal risk attitudes that can also cause accidents,but the latter can be improved through a certain degree of education,training and practice to enhance the risk awareness of enthusiasts and reduce or avoid the occurrence of outdoor sports accidents.This study investigates the evaluation and cultivation of risk awareness among mountain outdoor sports enthusiasts through literature collection,expert interviews,fieldwork,questionnaires and mathematical statistics,and conducts exploratory factor analysis using the three indicators of risk perception,risk attitude and risk tolerance in the risk awareness evaluation model,and weights of each indicator of the calculated risk awareness evaluation of enthusiasts,and then conducts correlation and difference analysis.Finally,the analysis results will be used as a basis for exploring different ways of cultivating risk awareness among enthusiasts,with the aim of improving the risk awareness of mountain outdoor sports enthusiasts and reducing the chances of safety accidents.The study found:(1)The number of accidents experienced by mountain outdoor sports enthusiasts in Guangzhou significantly affects the change in accident types(p=0.00),indicating that the more accidents enthusiasts experience,the more confident they are in facing risks and the lower their risk awareness,resulting in more likely safety accidents and more accident types they face.At the same time,enthusiasts pay more attention to subjective aspects and consider the education and training of outdoor practical learning to be the most effective.(2)By calculating the weight of each indicator of risk awareness among enthusiasts,risk tolerance is the indicator that affects the degree of risk awareness the most.From the total risk awareness score,we can see that about 36% of the enthusiasts have a serious lack of risk awareness,while the rest have some risk awareness,but there is much room for improvement.(3)Risk perception,risk tolerance and risk attitude of mountain outdoor sports enthusiasts are positively correlated with each other,i.e.,the higher the risk perception ability,the more intolerant to risk and the more positive the attitude towards risk prevention;risk awareness has a very significant correlation with accident experience(p=0.00),which is negative,indicating that the level of risk awareness directly affects the occurrence of accidents.(4)Women are better than men in all indicators of risk awareness;all indicators of enthusiasts are increasing with age,reaching a peak at the age of 36-55;the higher the level of education,the better the level of risk awareness and other indicators;students are better than other professions in risk awareness,risk tolerance and risk attitude indicators,but have lower risk perception ability.(5)From the analysis of training content,methods and environment,it is clear that there are certain problems in the training of risk awareness among enthusiasts,and the lack of risk tolerance,risk perception and risk attitude should be cultivated from different dimensions and targeted to improve.High-quality education and training methods can effectively improve the risk awareness of enthusiasts,such as teaching according to the material,combining theory and practice,combining online and offline teaching and "prediction training",etc.,so as to improve the quality of risk management. |
