| Background: In recent years,sports science has been developing at an accelerated pace,with increasing intergration with disciplines such as neuroscience and psychological science.Increasingly,studies have found that the level of activity in certain brain regions and the level of neurotrophic factors essential to the brain are significantly increased during exercise,and that these changes can effectively contribute to the development of executive function.The development of fundamental motor skills,an important element of physical activity,is also thought to be closely related to children’s executive function.The rapid development of fundamental motor skills tends to occur at the elementary school level,which is also a critical period for cognitive development,and more empirical research is urgently needed to explore the interrelationship between the two in depth.Objectives: By measuring the levels of fundamental motor skills and executive functions in children aged 6～10 years,this study aimed to understand the developmental levels and gender and age differences of fundamental motor skills and executive functions in children aged 6～10 years.We also looked at the correlation between kids’ fundamental motor abilities and executive abilities,and further explored the correlation between the influence of fundamental motor skills on executive functions through multiple stratified linear regression analysis.Methods: This study used literature review method to search for relevant literature through domestic and foreign databases such as CNKI and Web of Science.A crosssectional survey was conducted on 327 children aged 6～10 years old from three primary schools in Jinhua,Zhejiang Province,using random sampling.The developmental level of children’s fundamental motor skills was tested using the Children’s Gross Motor Ability Test Scale,Version 3;the level of children’s executive functions was evaluated using the Children’s Executive Function Scale.The obtained data were entered into the statistical software SPSS 26.0,and after eliminating invalid sample data,the mean and standard deviation were used to describe children’s fundamental motor skills and executive function levels;independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to test the gender and age differences in children’s fundamental motor skills and executive functions.Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between children’s fundamental motor skills and executive functions.Multiple linear regression analysis,controlling for gender and age variables,was used to further explore the relationship between the effects of fundamental motor skills on executive function.Results:(1)The mean scores of locomotor skills and object control skills of children aged 6～10 years were 33.45±3.95 and 31.98±4.42,respectively;there were no gender differences in the development of locomotor skills,but there were age differences;there were gender and age differences in the development of object control skills.(2)The scores of working memory,planning ability,regulation ability and inhibition ability in executive functions were 28.63±5.76,11.42±2.72,15.98±3.32 and20.28±4.18,respectively.there were no gender differences in the development of working memory,planning ability,regulation ability and inhibition ability,but there were age differences.(3)The Pearson correlation test showed significant positive correlations between locomotor skills and working memory(r=0.168,p<0.01)and inhibition(r=0.148,p<0.01),and between object control skills and regulation(r=0.134,p<0.05).Among the boys,there was a significant positive correlation between locomotor skill and regulation ability(r=0.204,p<0.01)only.There were significant positive correlations between locomotor skills and working memory(r=0.214,p<0.01),regulation ability(r=0.245,p<0.01),and inhibition ability(r=0.226,p<0.01)for girls,and between object control skills and working memory(r=0.210,p<0.01),regulation ability(r=0.212,p<0.01),and inhibition(r = 0.176,p < 0.05)were significantly and positively correlated with each other.(4)The results of multiple regression analysis showed that locomotor skills had a significant effect on working memory(β=0.200,p<0.05)and regulation ability(β=0.241,p<0.05),and object control skills only had a significant effect on regulation ability(β=0.124,p<0.05).There was a significant effect of locomotor skills on working memory(β=0.285,p<0.05)for boys,a significant effect of locomotor skills on working memory(β=0.123,p<0.05)and regulation ability(β=0.236),p<0.05 for girls,and a significant effect of object control skills on regulation ability(β=0.045,p<0.05).Conclusion: The development level of basic movement skills of 6～10 years old children in Jinhua,Zhejiang Province,China is relatively low,with object control skills lagging behind locomotion skills.There were no gender differences in the development of locomotor skills but there were age differences,and there were gender and age differences in the development of object control skills;About children’s executive functions,there were age differences but no gender differences in the subcomponents of executive function;there were low to moderate correlations between locomotor skills,object control skills,working memory,regulation,and inhibition.Correlations between locomotor skills,object control skills,working memory,regulation,and inhibition were found in girls.In boys,only locomotor skills were correlated with regulation;locomotor skills had a significant effect on working memory and regulation,and object control skills only had a significant effect on regulation.Locomotor skills had a significant effect on working memory in boys.Locomotor skills had a significant effect on working memory and regulation ability for female students,and object control skills had a significant effect on regulation ability only. |
