The Investigation On The Difference Of Change Of Direction Ability And Related Physical Factors Of College Basketball Players At Different Levels And Different Positions

Objective:In basketball games,players need to make rapid direction change according to different situations,and show the characteristics of high intensity,multi-direction and multi-angle direction change ability.The Angle of change is mainly45°±15°.Basketball players’direction change ability is one of the important abilities to successfully complete the attack and defense on the court.The research on the physical factors related to the ability to change direction is an important basis for the selection and training of basketball players.The purpose of this study is to explore the difference of direction changing ability and related indicators among college basketball players of different genders,levels and positions,and to find out the main physical factors that affect the direction changing ability of college basketball players,enrich the research system and provide training guidance reference.Methods:This study selected 100 college students majoring in basketball as the experimental objects,and divided male and female athletes into two groups:first-level group and the second-level group.According to the position of the court divided into three groups:guard group,forward group center group,and participate in the height,weight,lower limb length,body fat measurement;25m straight sprint test;Isometric Mid-thigh Pull test;Countermovement jump test;Drop jump test;Y-Balance dynamic balance test(anterior,posterior medial,posterior lateral);Knee wall test;V-cut change of direction test.1.One-way ANOVA analysis of variance was performed on the indicators of each group of male and female subjects,and p<0.05 was considered to be significant at the level of difference;2.The correlation between the indicators and the ability to change direction for the male and female subjects and after grouping using Pearson’s analysis,p<0.05 is defined as the significance;3.The main related factors of the direction-changing ability of male and female badminton players of all levels are extracted by Multiple Regression.Results:1.According to the results of One-way ANOVA analysis of variance,(1)The 25m straight sprint(s)(p=0.005),the maximum power of Isometric Mid-thigh Pull(N/s)(p=0.018),the drop jump reactive-strength index(m/s)(p=0.022),and the V-cut(s)(p=0.050)of male first-level college basketball players were significantly higher than those of male second-level college basketball players;There were no significant differences in height(cm),lower limb length(cm),body weight(kg),body fat(%),Countermovement jump height(cm),Y-balance test(%),knee wall test(cm)and change of direction deficit(s)between men’s first and second level college basketball players.The YBT(left)(p=0.017),YBT(right)(p=0.013),knee wall test(right)(p=0.022)of female first-level college basketball players were significantly higher than those of female second-level college basketball players.There were no significant differences in height,lower limb length,body weight,body fat,25m straight sprint,the maximum power of Isometric Mid-thigh Pull,Countermovement jump height,drop jump reactive-strength index,knee wall test(left),V-cut and change of direction deficit between female first-class and second-class college basketball players.(2)The height of men’s forward,center and guard in different positions(p<0.001),lower limb length(p<0.001),body weight(p<0.001),body fat(p<0.001),V-cut(p<0.001)showed significant difference;There was no significant difference between forward and center in Countermovement jump height,drop jump reactive-strength index,YBT(both),knee wall test(both)and change of direction deficit;There were no significant differences between forwards and guards in 25m straight sprint,maximum power of Isometric Mid-thigh Pull,Countermovement jump height,drop jump reactive-strength index,YBT(both).There were no significant differences between center and guard in drop jump reactive-strength index,YBT(left),knee wall test(both).2.According to the Pearson correlation test results,The ability of male college basketball players to change direction is correlated with their height(r=0.523,p<0.001),body weight(r=0.486,p=0.019),body fat(r=0.160,p=0.025),25m sprint(r=0.518,p<0.001),IMTP-p RFD(r=0.396,p<0.001)had a highly significant positive relationship.The direction changing ability of female college basketball players was not strongly correlated with various indexes,only body weight(r=0.378,p=0.015)and body fat(r=0.336,p=0.032),25m sprint(r=0.657,p<0.001),IMTP-Prfd(r=0.369,p=0.014)had a positive correlation.3.According to the results of multiple regression analysis,The main correlation factor of direction changing ability of male college basketball players was IMTP-p RFD(N/s)(β=1.15,r~2=0.538).The regression model of direction changing ability was calculated as follows:direction changing ability Y=1.833+1.15*IMTP-p RFD;The main correlation factor of direction changing ability of female college basketball players was 25m sprint(β=0.771,r~2=0.468).The regression model of direction changing ability was calculated as following:direction changing ability Y=3.922+0.771*25m sprint.Conclusions:The higher the level of college basketball players,the more obvious the advantage of body shape,linear speed,lower limb strength,which is more in line with the priority of sports material selection;the higher the level of athletes,the better the change of direction ability.Between different positions,the ability of center to change of direction is poor,and the ability of guard in change of direction is better than that of forward and center.Guard has more linear speed than forward and center.The main factor of direction changing ability of male athletes was IMTP-p RFD;The main factor of changing direction of female players is 25m sprint.