| Data from the National Bureau of Statistics shows that my country entered the ranks of upper-middle-income countries in 2010 and is gradually moving towards a high-income development stage.With the rapid economic development,my country’s per capita income level is also rising,but the labor income share calculated by the GDP method has been hovering at a low level of 0.44-0.48,which is significantly lower than the level of high-income countries.It is an important and urgent practical problem to study how to increase the share of labor income and accelerate the development of our country towards high income.With the advancement of the fourth scientific and technological revolution,artificial intelligence technology has entered a stage of vigorous development.China has successively released top-level design documents such as "Made in China 2025" and "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan".As a general technology,artificial intelligence can directly affect employment and its structure,thereby increasing the share of labor income and promoting economic development.Starting from the intelligence penetration effect and boundary extension effect of artificial intelligence,this paper applies the task assignment model to explore the direct mechanism of artificial intelligence’s impact on labor income share and the indirect mechanism with employment structure as an intermediary variable.For the direct mechanism test,this paper establishes a benchmark model of the impact of artificial intelligence on labor income share and a spatial Durbin model(SDM)to test the intelligent penetration of artificial intelligence in economic geographic space;for the indirect mechanism test,this paper divides the employment structure into Employment skills institutions,employment income structure and employment industry structure,respectively,establish intermediary models.And select the provincial panel data from1997 to 2019 in my country for empirical analysis.The study found that the impact of artificial intelligence on labor income share in my country was significantly positive,but the results were different in different regions.It was significantly positive for the eastern and western regions,and significantly negative for the central region.The spatial measurement test shows that my country’s labor income The share has a significant negative spatial spillover effect.Artificial intelligence has a positive impact on the local labor income share and a negative impact on the neighboring labor income share.Through the decomposition of the spatial effect,the direct effect of artificial intelligence is significantly positive,and the indirect effect is significant.The effect is significantly negative,and the total effect is significantly negative;the intermediary model test shows that my country’s artificial intelligence can increase the proportion of high-skilled labor employment,improve the structure of employment skills,increase the proportion of high-skilled labor’s employment income,and improve the employment income structure.Increase the proportion of the labor force in the tertiary industry,improve the industrial employment structure,and accelerate the upgrading of my country’s industrial structure.According to the empirical conclusions,in order to better apply artificial intelligence to increase the share of labor income in my country,this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions from the perspectives of adhering to the development orientation of scientific and technological innovation,accelerating the upgrading of industrial structure,strengthening education and training,and improving public welfare. |
