Instructional Design And Practice Research Of Pair Programming For Computational Thinking In Primary School

In the digital age,computational thinking can improve students’ problem-solving ability,help to deal with puzzles in life,and is a lifelong skill.Pair programming helps to cultivate the ability of cooperation and computational thinking,which are unique abilities of human beings and irreplaceable abilities of artificial intelligence.However,at present,in school classrooms,most junior students’ computational thinking is cultivated by independently completing works,while there is little research on the cultivation of computational thinking by two-person pairing programming,and there is still a lack of active guidance for students’ pairing programming,which ignores that it takes a long time for new programmers to adapt to programming independently,which may lead to a decrease of students’ interest and participation in programming learning.In addition,in areas with unbalanced allocation of educational equipment,there is a lack of sufficient support of teaching resources.Considering the immature cognition and mind of lower-grade students and the limitation of teaching resources,this paper adopts pair programming to cultivate the computational thinking of lower-grade primary school students more efficiently.The purpose of this study is to cultivate primary school students’ computational thinking,conduct action research around the primary school information technology pairing programming course,explore the teaching design and practice of primary school students’ computational thinking based on pairing programming,so as to provide reference cases for the primary school information technology pairing programming course and make suggestions on the cultivation of computational thinking in pairing programming.In this paper,the literature research method is used to analyze the research status of computational thinking and pairing programming,and the feasibility of pairing programming to cultivate students’ computational thinking is discussed.The questionnaire survey method is used to understand students’ programming foundation,cooperative attitude and thinking foundation.Based on this,under the guidance of "learning by doing" theory,constructivist learning theory and "pursuing understanding" teaching theory,the teaching design of pairing programming-based computational thinking cultivation is carried out.Three rounds of action research are used to constantly adjust the teaching,SPSS 20.0 is used to understand students’ computational thinking level before and after teaching experiments,and the teaching effect is analyzed by combining process evaluation and summative evaluation.The conclusions are as follows:(1)A teaching model of the training course of computational thinking based on pair programming has been formed: teachers expect learning results → formulate appropriate evaluation evidence → design learning experience and teaching;students define programming learning →design programming in pairs → share and exchange programming → reflect and evaluate learning;teaching starts from the learning results and thinks backwards to promote the development of students’ computational thinking.(2)Teaching based on pair programming can effectively improve the development of students’ computational thinking in five aspects: decomposition,abstraction,algorithmic thinking,evaluation and generalization,and the difference between students in the class is narrowed by pair programming,and the computational thinking ability of students at different levels in the class has been improved.(3)Form a set of evaluation methods based on expressive task evidence and other evidence of students’ knowledge and skills: record students’ classroom learning performance,growth reflection and the completion of programming works through quantitative self-evaluation,student peer evaluation,teacher evaluation and written expression,use test questions measurement tools to evaluate students’ computational thinking level before and after teaching,and implement paired programming computational thinking learning.The application of paired programming learning in the training of computational thinking promotes the overall development of students’ core literacy in three aspects: cultural foundation,independent development and social participation.Finally,this paper puts forward the task target reward of subdivision teaching stage to encourage students to participate in the course;Guide students to define standard operation methods and improve their ability;Correcting students’ thinking habits step by step and promoting students’ knowledge internalization;Optimize the construction of information technology classroom resources and improve students’ classroom experience.The research enriches the reference of teachers’ training of computing thinking in pair programming,and also provides some new ideas for other researchers’ training practice of computing thinking in pair programming.