A Comparative Study On Exercises In Junior High School Mathematics Textbooks Between The "People’s Education Press" And The "Qilingan Press"

Exercises,as an indispensable part of mathematics textbooks,are often overlooked in frontline teaching,and even some students have not read the exercises in the books.How to better utilize the exercises in textbooks is a problem that every educator must consider.Because textbooks published by the People’s Education Press(hereinafter referred to as "PEP")are the most widely used,have a long history and have a profound impact in Chinese Mainland,textbooks published by the emerging publishing house Qilin Museum(hereinafter referred to as "Qilin Museum Edition")are very popular in Japan and there is little research on them in China.To a certain extent,research on them can reflect a series of issues such as the concept of education.Based on this,this article selects the 2012 "Compulsory Education Curriculum Standard Experimental Textbook Mathematics(Grades 7-9)" published by the People’s Education Press,and the 2017 "Expanding Mathematics to the Future(1-3)" published by the Qilin Museum as the research objects.To improve the exercises in textbooks,we need to learn from each other’s strengths,identify our own shortcomings,and draw on the strengths of other countries.This article conducts a systematic comparative study of exercises in middle school mathematics textbooks between China and Japan,and attempts to find areas worth learning from in Japanese textbooks.On the basis of previous research,this article adopts literature research,comparative research,statistical analysis,and case study methods to compare the exercises in junior high school mathematics textbooks published by the People’s Education Press and the Qilin Library Press.The whole article consists of five chapters,and conducts research on the exercises in Chinese and Japanese mathematics textbooks from macro and micro perspectives.This article has a large number of research exercises,but it has strong pertinence,involving both macro control and micro details.From a macro perspective,using SPSS chi square test and Bao Jiansheng’s comprehensive difficulty calculation model,a comprehensive exposition was made on the number,type,background,cognition,reasoning,operation,knowledge quantity,difficulty,openness,and illustrations of ten aspects of exercises.However,exercises in textbooks are not independent content,and can only shine when they are complementary to the main text and examples.Therefore,in the micro level,case studies are conducted on exercises and related content of the Pythagorean theorem,focusing on seven aspects: the historical origin of the Pythagorean theorem,lesson content,introduction,layout,example setting,exercise setting,and consistency between exercises and examples,especially for the main text and exercises Conduct in-depth analysis of the connection between examples and exercises.This article draws the following conclusions: from a macro perspective:(1)There are fewer exercises in the Qilin Library Edition textbooks,and there is a significant gap in the openness of exercises,illustration design,cognitive level,computational level,and reasoning level.(2)The proportion of each type is not significantly different compared to the type,background,and number of knowledge points of the exercise.From a micro perspective:(1)The exercises in the Qilin Library textbook pay more attention to the connection with the main text and examples,and pay more attention to the foundation.(2)The exercises in PEP textbooks pay more attention to the development of students’ thinking,the integration of history of mathematics and other disciplines,and the application of mathematics in life.