| With the continuous progress of the new curriculum about reform,the standard of new curric ulum(2017 edition revised in 2020)clearly has strengthened the experimental teaching.Meanwhil e,with the experimental scores increased in the college entrance examination,more and more atte ntion is paid to experimental teaching.At present,there are few comparative studies on the latest v ersions of textbooks in China,and the contents of the studies are not comprehensive enough.In thi s study,quantitative and qualitative methods were used,from the exterior(including experiment q uantity,type,illustration,material,discussion and analysis,experiment safety)and interior(includ ing life concept,scientific thinking,disciplinary inquiry,social responsibility),this paper makes a comparative study of the compulsory modules of senior high school biology textbooks published b y Jiangsu Education Press,Zhejiang Science Press,People Education Press,Beijing Normal Unive rsity Press and Shanghai Science Press.Found:(1)The experimental quantity distribution of five editions basically conform to the new curriculum standards.Textbooks of Jiangsu Education Press and the Beijing Normal University Press have extended more experiments which could take their own choices by and mostly related to real life.There are many types of experiments in the textbooks of the fifth editions,but the proportions of the investigated experiment and the model-building experiments are small,and the proportions of the verified experiment and the inquiry experiment are different.By contrast,the quantity distribution of the verified experiment and the inquiry experiment in the textbooks of the Jiangsu Education Press and the Zhejiang Science Press is more reasonable.(2)The materials and appliances which listed in the fifth edition of the textbook basically follow the scientific principles.In the textbook of People’s education edition,the presentation mode of materials and appliances get more scientific and standardized,and the equipment get more diverse.the material of the textbook of Zhejiang Science Press is more abundant,some reagents of the experiment preserve esily.(3)Illustrations of the students’ group experimental in textbooks of each edition is not complete,and the illustration quality needs to be improved,especially the textbook of Zhejiang Edition which needs to increase the number of illustrations.(4)The discussion and analysis columns of the textbook of five editions have their own characteristics.The column of People Education edition columns are rich and diverse,focusing on the cultivation of students’ communication and critical thinking ability.The textbooks of Zhejiang Science and Technology Press,Shanghai Science Press and Beijing Normal University Press pay more attention to guide students to analyze experimental questions,among which the textbook of Shanghai science edition also pay attention to cultivating students’ rigorous and serious experimental attitude;While the results and phenomenon be described in declarative language of the textbook of Jiangsu Education edition,there is no space for students to communicate and discuss with each other.(5)The textbooks of the five editions have shortcomings in experimental safety education.Except for the People Education Press,the other four editions have no safety rules and warning signs.In specific content of the experiment,the textbooks of all versions have many shortcomings,such as the way of presentation is not outstanding,the expression is not clear,and the scope involved is not comprehensive enough.(6)Embodiment of core competencies in the textbooks of the five editions basically conforms to the specific arrangement of compulsory content in the new curriculum standard.But they have less reflection on the concept of life and social responsibility.They generally pay attention to the cultivation of two thinking methods: comparison and classification,as well as analysis and synthesis for students.The experimental design of the textbook of Jiangsu Education edition that is more scientific and reasonable is more conducive to cultivating students’ scientific inquiry ability.Based on the comparative analysis between surface and depth,I propose the following suggestions to teachers: Teachers should start all relevant experiments according to the new curriculum standards,expand the experimental content appropriately,and guide students to use the experimental results to propose new research topics;Teachers should guide students to carry out experimental inquiry by asking questions,and enhance the inquiry-based experiment;According to the local material and economic conditions,teachers should choose the appropriate materials and tools;Teachers should show more pictures with high definition,good stereoscopic and bright colors,and guide to supplement the pictures with incomplete elements in the textbook;Teachers should guide students to communicate and discuss in the way of setting questions.At the same time,teachers should properly guide students to carry out error analysis,and do a good job of safety prevention program,remind students to pay attention to the experiment,and pay attention to the operation process of students;In addition,teachers should dig deeply into the elements that reflect the core literacy in the experiment content,and try to use a variety of ways to reflect the core literacy.The following suggestions are put forward for students’ study: students should preview the experiment content in advance,prepare well before class,understand the experiment safety knowledge,strictly follow the basic process of experimental inquiry in the experiment process,communicate with other students and solve practical problems.Based on the teaching suggestions proposed,I optimized the design of an experiment in the Beijing Normal University textbook and put it into practice.The teaching effect showed that the optimized experimental teaching had better results and was more conducive to cultivating students’ core literacy. |
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