| According to the characteristics of short competition time and high intensity of wushu routines(except Taijiquan routines),the anaerobic metabolic capacity of athletes has high requirements.In the competition,athletes have to complete fifty to sixty technical movements with high quality under the high intensity body load,and also have to show the unique rhythm and rhyme of wushu routines.Many athletes in the first half of the set,the action of the strength,speed,stability are good,but the second half of the set,with the decline in physical fitness,the athletes action speed,strength also decreased,the rate of error also increased,thus affecting the performance of the game.This shows that focusing on developing athletes’ fitness level and improving their anaerobic capacity in training are an important guarantee for better performance.Under the background of scientific training,athletes’ training methods are gradually developing from the past rough and loose to fine.However,there is no targeted program for the training of athletes’ anaerobic capacity,and there is a lack of relevant research.Therefore,in this study,three sets of high-intensity interval training combined with conventional training methods were designed according to the energy metabolism characteristics of long boxing and south boxing in competitive martial arts routines.The purpose of the study is to compare the effects of three sets of high-intensity interval training programs and conventional training methods on the anaerobic capacity of athletes,and to investigate the most beneficial high-intensity interval training program to improve the anaerobic endurance of athletes.In this study,three sets of high-intensity interval training protocols were designed using the literature method,survey method and interview method,and the experimental method was used to conduct the experimental study.20 male athletes and 12 female athletes were selected from the Hebei Provincial Wushu Team,all of whom were at level 2 or above,and 32 subjects were divided into Tabata Group(TG),A set of movements Group(AMG),Full set of movements plus Group(FMG)and Control Group(CG).The 32 subjects were divided into Tabata Group(TG),A set of movements Group(AMG),Full set of movements plus Group(FMG),and Control Group(CG),and the four experimental groups were trained for 8 weeks,3 times a week.The anaerobic power index,blood lactate index,heart rate index and specific quality index were tested before and after the experiment to compare the effects of the four experimental groups.Results:(1)There was a highly significant increase in TG maximum power(P<0.01)and a significant change in power decrement rate(P<o.o5);there was a highly significant increase in both AMG and FMG maximum anaerobic power and power decrement rate(P<o.o1)and a significant increase in AMG mean power(P<o.o5);there was no significant change in any of the CG anaerobic power indicators(P>o.o5).(2)There was a significant change in TG heart rate decrement rate(P<o.o5);there was a significant change in FMG maximum heart rate and heart rate decrement rate(P<o.o5);there was no significant change in both AMG and CG heart rate indexes(P>o.o5).(3)There were highly significant changes in lactate decrement rate,3min and 10 min lactate values in AMG and FMG(P<o.o1);significant changes in 5min lactate values in FMG(P<o.o5);no significant changes in blood lactate indexes in both TG and CG(P>o.o5).(4)There was a significant improvement in the box jumping performance of AMG(P<o.o5);there was a highly significant improvement in the box jumping performance and the success rate of difficult movements of FMG(P<o.o1)and a significant improvement in the performance of specified combination movements(P<o.o5);there was no significant change in the special quality indexes of TG and CG(P>o.o5).Conclusions of the study:(1)Tabata training program(TG)enables athletes to improve quantitative load,which can increase athletes’ heart rate decrement rate,thus improving athletes’ cardiorespiratory energy supply,and is applicable to technical training phase.(2)The set of movements high-intensity interval training program(AMG)can improve the maximum anaerobic power,power decrement rate and lactate tolerance level of wushu set athletes,which is conducive to improving the athletes’ glycolytic energy supply capacity and phosphagen energy supply capacity.The improvement of anaerobic capacity of athletes is relatively significant.(3)The Full set of movements plus high-intensity interval training program(FMG)can effectively improve the maximum anaerobic power and power decrement rate of wushu set athletes,and has a significant effect on the improvement of athletes’ phosphagen energy supply capacity.In terms of blood lactate index,it can effectively reduce the quantitative load blood lactate value and improve the lactate decrement rate of athletes,which is conducive to improving the athletes’ glycolytic energy supply capacity,and can effectively improve the athletes’ lower limb lactate tolerance capacity,and then improve the athletes’ lower limb anaerobic capacity.(4)There was no effect of conventional training program(CG)on anaerobic capacity of athletes.The analysis of this study concluded that the exercise load of the conventional training method is small,the athletes’ heart rate does not reach the level of high-intensity stimulation,and the organism is under aerobic condition.Therefore,in the short term,the conventional training methods will not have an effect on the anaerobic capacity of athletes.(5)In evaluating the anaerobic capacity of wushu routines athletes,the anaerobic power and blood lactate values of athletes combined with special quality tests can accurately evaluate the level of anaerobic metabolism of athletes. |
