Research On Structure Change Of Library And Information Science From The Perspective Of High-Level Talents

Scientific structure is an objective existence formed by scientific knowledge for a long time,inherent and not transferred by people’s will,and it is a concentrated embodiment of internal logical structure of science.Scientific structure can not only reflect the logical relationship of the whole discipline,but also the knowledge structure of a certain research field.The evolution of research themes of disciplinary structure refers to the changing characteristics of research themes in a certain scientific and technological field,such as division,integration,and migration,as well as the correlation and interaction between different research themes over time.With the rapid development of science and technology,research themes in many fields have crossed,merged,migrated and spread.Identifying domain themes from academic literature and sorting out the correlation and evolution paths of different research themes is of great significance for clarifying and revealing the change of disciplinary structure and predicting the development trend of scientific and technological frontiers.Based on the perspective of high-level talents in the subject field,this research selects a total of 83 doctoral supervisors in Library and Information Science from 8 domestic universities with the right to confer doctoral degrees in the first-level discipline of Library and Information Science as the research object.Then,the CV data of the sample group and the journal paper data collected by CSSCI during the two decades from 2001 to 2020 were collected respectively.According to the disciplinary and professional background in the CV data,the group of doctoral supervisors is divided into two sample: the Library and Information Science background group and the non-Library and Information Science background group.On this basis,according to the unit of 5 years,the time series analysis of the research theme change of two sample groups was carried out,so as to objectively reveal and demonstrate the change and characteristics of the structure of Chinese Library and Information Science in the past 20 years.The relevant research path and method in this study is intended to provide reference for the study of disciplinary structure change.In the research on the structure of Library and Information Science based on the perspective of CV analysis,it is found that,From the perspective of age structure,Library and Information Science doctoral supervisor group presents aging characteristic,and the high-level young talents present a "fault" trend;From the perspective of gender distribution,the structure of "absence of women in science" in Library and Information Science doctoral supervisor group is prominent;From the perspective of educational experience,"well-born" has become an important feature of education experience in Library and Information Science doctoral supervisor group;From the perspective of subject background,Library and Information Science doctoral supervisor group presents the characteristic of "strong crossover",among which Management Science and Engineering have the greatest impact on the structure of Library and Information Science.In the evolution analysis of research themes of the doctoral supervisor in Library and Information Science,it is found that,from the perspective of network density,research themes of Library and Information Science show the characteristic of dispersion.The network density of research themes is not high,whether it is the doctoral supervisors with a background in Library and Information Science or the doctoral supervisors with non-Library and Information Science background.The network density of the non-Library and Information Science background doctoral supervisor group is lower than that of Library and Information Science background doctoral supervisor group.Through the analysis of the research theme change process of the doctoral group with the background of Library and Information Science,it is found that knowledge management,bibliometrics,digital library and academic evaluation are continuous research directions;competitive intelligence,information retrieval and information ecology are differentiated research directions;subject education,library management and information resource management are weakened research directions;data analysis,data management,user behavior and public cultural services have become emerging research directions.Through the analysis of the research theme change process of the non-Library and Information Science background doctoral supervisor group,it is found that,digital library,scientometrics and discipline construction have become continuous research directions,knowledge management and academic evaluation have become differentiated research directions,intellectual property,reading culture,library history and librarianship have become weak research directions,big data analysis and online public opinion have become emerging research directions.From the perspective of high-level talents,the comprehensive research on the structure change of Library and Information Science found that the structure of Library and Information Science in China is characterized by dispersion.The network density of research themes for doctoral supervisors with Library and Information Science background and those with non-Library and Information Science background generally shows an upward trend,but the co-occurrence network densities of research themes in the four periods are not high.At the same time,network density of research themes of doctoral supervisors with non-Library and Information Science background in each period is significantly lower than that of doctoral supervisors with library and information science background.This shows that the relationship between research themes of doctoral supervisors with non-Library and Information Science background is more loose,and the structure of Library and Information Science presented by doctoral supervisors with non-Library and Information Science background is more scattered.From the perspective of evolution process of research themes,the comprehensive conclusion of evolution process of research themes for doctoral supervisors with Library and Information Science background and those with non-Library and Information Science background can be obtained,the evolution process of research themes in Library and Information Science presents significant academic life cycle characteristic.From the perspective of continuous research,digital library,knowledge management,bibliometrics and competitive intelligence have always been the core research directions of Library and Information Science;from the perspective of differentiated research,information retrieval,bibliometrics and competitive intelligence have become the basic research directions of Library and Information Science;from the perspective of weakened research,intellectual property,reading culture,library history and library management are gradually weakened in the network at different periods,and appear in related research directions in the form of research themes;from the perspective of emerging research,data management,big data analysis,user behavior and online public opinion have become research hotspots in Library and Information Science.Based on the CV data analysis of the doctoral supervisor group and the comparative analysis results of the evolution of research themes based on time series,this study believes that the development of China’s Library and Information Science must face difficulties,opportunities and challenges of discipline development in at least the following three aspects.First of all,the problem of "fault" in the talent structure is prominent,and the training of young talents has become an urgent problem to be solved in the future development of Library and Information Science.Secondly,the collaborative development of interdisciplinary integration is worth noting.The current development of Library and Information Science is in a complex and changeable environment,so Library and Information Science should take the initiative to seize the opportunity of new liberal arts construction,dig deep into the essence of new liberal arts construction,embrace new technologies,as well as redesign and improve training programs to complete the reform and transformation in Library and Information Science.Thirdly,the integrity and innovation of discipline connotation construction must be considered.The future development of Library and Information Science should be based on the technical characteristic in the discipline and the humanistic tradition,promote the interdisciplinary integration,optimize the discipline knowledge system,deepen the discipline wisdom and ability,innovate the discipline theoretical system,strengthen the construction of teachers,cultivate high-quality talents who serve the major need of the country,build a new discourse system for Library and Information Science under the new situation,and make due contributions to the prosperity and development of philosophy and social sciences,as well as social progress in our country.Scientific research and talent training are the two-wheel drive for the development of university disciplines,and the core is first-class teachers.Doctoral supervisors,as the top group of disciplinary talents,their research directions can not only lead the frontier of scientific and technological development,but also continuously deepen the construction of disciplinary connotation.Based on the perspective of high-level talents in the subject field,this research conducts a time-series-based comparative study on the evolution of research themes with Library and Information Science background and non-Library and Information Science background.From the research perspective,the doctoral supervisor of Library and Information Science is selected as the research object,and the research on structure change of time series research themes is carried out to provide new research ideas for the analysis of the discipline structure of other disciplines.On the research path,the group of doctoral supervisors is divided into two sample groups.In addition,the academic papers collected by CSSCI during the past 20 years of doctoral supervisors of Library and Information Science were selected as the data source,then divided into four time periods in five-year units.Cluster statistics were performed on research themes of the two groups,and time-series analysis of the change of research themes was carried out according to four time periods.Through comparative research,it reveals the change and characteristic of research themes of Library and Information Science in different periods.At present,the development of Library and Information Science is in a complex and changeable environment.The rapid development and application of new technologies have gradually shifted the construction of disciplines from differentiation to integration,and the intersection of disciplines has resulted in new disciplines.At the same time,the construction of new liberal arts calls for the cultivation of high-quality interdisciplinary talents,and requires "building a world-class,Chinese-characteristics talent training system".The penetration of new technologies and the guidance of new policies are reshaping the knowledge map of Library and Information Science education,and the new environment provides an opportunity to transformation in Library and Information Science construction and education.Library and Information Science should adhere to the development of discipline connotation,actively seize the opportunity of new liberal arts construction,and realize the reform and transformation through the cross-disciplinary integration and innovation.