Research On The Effect Of Precarious Employment On Expanding The Middle Income Group

The report of the Party’s Twenty National Congress points out that common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics.It is necessary to expand the middle-income group.With the establishment of market economic system and the adjustment of industrial structure,the precarious employment in our country presents ever-expanding trend.Studying the effect of precarious employment on expanding middle-income groups helps to find an effective way to increase the proportion of the middle-income groups in our country,and also lays a solid social foundation for forming a good order income distribution pattern in our country.In theory,based on the relative surplus population theory and surplus value theory,this paper expounds the rise and development trend of precarious employment,and proposes a hypothesis by analyzing the impact of precarious employment on middle-income groups.At the individual level,precarious employment itself can improve the income of low-income people,so as to promote the precarious employees to obtain middle income.From the perspective of family,precarious employment is not conducive to the accumulation of family human capital,and faces market discrimination,which is not conducive to families entering the middle-income family.From the practical level,this paper analyzes the current situation and problems of the development of precarious employment,and analyzes other adverse factors of the expansion of the middle-income group.In our country,the number of precarious employment groups is large,and rights and interests protection the groups enjoy is quite limited.Mainly it is workers with low education and the employment area is relatively uniform.In addition,gig economy may become a major form of precarious employment in the future.In the process of development,the development of precarious employment faces such practical problems as the blurring of labor relations,the difficulty in identifying employment identity,the absence of basic endowment insurance for urban workers and the difficulty in guaranteeing occupational health.In addition,the expansion of the middle-income group is constrained by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic,changes in industrial structure,and inadequate tax and social security policies.In the empirical aspect,this paper mainly uses the Multiple Logistic Regression Model to confirm the hypothesis.This paper uses CFPS 2018 data to conduct OLS regression and Multiple Logistic Regression from the individual and household levels.The empirical results confirm the hypothesis proposed in this paper,that is,the precarious employment is conducive to the individual to obtain the middle income,but not conducive to the family to enter the middle-income class.From the individual level,the odds ratio of precarious employment is 1.371,indicating that compared with stable employment,the odds ratio of precarious employment individuals entering the middle-income group is increased by 1.371.From the perspective of household level,the corresponding regression coefficient of the proportion of precarious employment is negative and significant,indicating that the increase of the proportion of precarious employment is not conducive to households entering the middle-income level.Finally,this paper proposes the following policy recommendations: first,clarify the labor identity and labor relations of precarious employment;second,improve social security for precarious employment;third,improve the human capital of precarious employment groups;fourth,eliminate market discrimination against precarious employment groups.