Study On The Threshold Effect Of The Impact Of Minimum Wage On Working Hours

The average weekly working hours of China’s labor force are long and the proportion of over-working labor is high,and the problem of overwork is serious.From the perspective of labor supply,overwork may be due to workers having to meet as much necessary expenses as possible,and an increase in the minimum wage may shorten working hours.In this paper,this paper analyzes the influence of minimum wage on working hours from the perspective of labor supply,verifies the characteristics of labor supply curve,and alleviates the problem of overwork.Firstly,the theoretical and empirical research on the influence of minimum wage on labor supply at home and abroad is sorted out,and the theoretical framework of the impact of minimum wage on working hours under the constraint of necessary expenditure is proposed.Secondly,using the data of China’s household tracking survey,a threshold measurement model is established based on theoretical analysis to verify the impact of minimum wage on working hours.Then,the influence mechanism is analyzed to test the characteristics of the labor supply curve.Finally,the heterogeneity of gender differences and regional differences is analyzed to test the differences in labor supply elasticity.This paper finds that,first,on the whole,the minimum wage has a phased impact on working hours,which is a nonlinear relationship,and the current increase in minimum wage will significantly shorten working hours.Second,from the analysis of the impact mechanism,necessary expenditure is an important constraint that constitutes the impact of minimum wage on working time,and the impact of minimum wage on working time is changed based on the change of the condition of "whether income meets the necessary expenditure".At present,the labor force is in the stage of overworking to meet necessary expenditures,and when necessary expenditures are raised or the minimum wage falls,working hours will be extended,and the labor supply curve will be tilted to the lower right.Third,from the analysis of the heterogeneity of gender differences,there is no significant difference between the full-time labor supply elasticity of men and women,which is smaller than that of female part-time labor supply and less than that of male part-time labor supply.Part-time men work longer hours if necessary expenditures are raised or the minimum wage falls,but women face both family care and overwork.Fourth,the western region has the greatest elasticity of labor supply,followed by the central and eastern regions,and the western region has the problem of forced labor overwork but only paying minimum wage.Based on the research conclusions,this paper puts forward several policy suggestions: First,shorten the period of raising the minimum wage.Second,appropriately increase the floating coefficient for calculating the hourly minimum wage.Third,provide government subsidies to households whose income is lower than necessary expenditures.Fourth,provide medical and housing incentives for part-time labor.Fifth,implement paid training programs during the working day.Sixth,safeguard the rights and interests of female part-time groups receiving the minimum wage,and help female labor force standardize employment.Seventh,the government regulates the legal and reasonable employment of enterprises in various regions.