| In elementary school mathematics,fractions appeared as the first extension of the whole number system.Learning fractions and their operation is of great significance to the formation of pupils’ number sense.There are five units in the teaching textbook for elementary school mathematics,among which the eighth unit of the first volume of Grade Three,"Preliminary Understanding of Fractions",is the foundation of the learning of fractions.The first section of this unit,"Preliminary Understanding of Fractions",is the foundation of the foundation,which has a profound influence on the subsequent learning of all fractions.Based on the existing researches,it is found that there are many difficulties in Grade Three teaching,and there are few researches on the section of "Preliminary Understanding of Fractions".Based on the overall knowledge of elementary school fractions,this study carried out a detailed and complete teaching design for the section "Preliminary Understanding of Fractions" based on the idea of quantity and rate succession,trying to solve teaching difficulties such as "mixed quantity and rate" in teachers’ teaching and "mixed quantity and rate" in students’ learning at the source,so as to enrich the teaching theory of elementary school fractions and improve the teaching effect of fractions in elementary school.The research methods adopted in this study are text analysis,document analysis and lesson analysis.Based on the literature review,this paper firstly analyzes primary school mathematics textbooks of People’s Education Press and the Mathematics Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education issued in 2022,and sorts out the content of fractions and the requirements of the curriculum standards.Secondly,the researcher presents the typical teaching design of "rate" as the teaching focus and "quantity" as the teaching focus,and analyzes the rationality and existing problems of the two different ideas of teaching design.On the basis of learning for reference,the teaching design of "Preliminary Understanding of Fractions" in the third grade is carried out in accordance with the idea of "quantity and rate succession".In the first two periods,students were asked to understand fractions in a specific context as they understand natural numbers,and were guided to realize that fractions can represent specific quantities.In the third period,students are guided to understand that fractions can also represent the ratio relationship between parts and the whole in exercises,so as to connect with the content of the textbook and realize the teaching of "quantity and rate succession".The teaching design of "Preliminary Understanding of Fractions" of "quantity and rate succession" is rigorous and accurate in expressing the meaning of fractions.It can teach the comparison of fractions in the process of understanding fractions,realize the in-depth explanation of fraction reading and writing,and lay the foundation for learning the subsequent contents of fractions and the preliminary understanding of decimals.The teaching idea of "quantity and rate succession" is expected to avoid the common problems in Grade Three teaching and lay a solid foundation for students’ learning of fractions. |
