| China is committed to cultivating high-quality talents with the integration of "morality,intelligence,physical education,beauty and labor",which has higher requirements for the comprehensive quality of university students.As the reserve backbone force of the construction of the motherland,the physical and health status of college students is particularly important.According to the results of the eighth National Students ’physique and health Survey,from 2014 to 2019,the excellent rate of college students’ physique and health only increased by 0.2 percentage points,basically no improvement,and the physical health problems of college students in China are still serious.Based on this,in order to improve the physical health level of college students,promote the college students’ physical exercise behavior,this study on the basis of the sports behavior cognitive decision theory,the comprehensive use of literature,questionnaire,mathematical statistics and logic induction,using MPAM-R exercise motivation scale,exercise effect self-evaluation scale,the individual factors,social environmental factors and sports teaching factors as a research tool,to shaanxi universities in different gender,different grades,different degree of 980 college students carried on the questionnaire survey.This paper analyzed the influencing factors of exercise behavior,and verified the mechanism of the influencing factors by establishing a multiple linear regression model.After a systematic study,we have reached the following conclusions.Finding:1.College students participating in physical exercise is relatively concentrated,and 72% of them choose to walk.Exercise for more than 30 minutes was38.8%.59.8% had exercise intensity below moderate sweating intensity.1.The number of students reached 65.20%.The total number of people who have continuously participated in extracurricular physical exercise for less than 6 months or more accounted for 77.9% of the total statistics.There were significant differences in the timing and intensity of physical exercise between male and female college students(P <0.01).There were significant differences in exercise intensity,exercise time and exercise frequency among grade college students(P <0.01).2.Psychological influencing factors of college students’ physical exercise behavior,the motivation score of college students’ exercise is fun motivation(4.003)> Appearance motivation(3.963)> Health motivation(3.941)> Social motivation(3.9685)> Ability motivation(3.575).There were significant differences in social motivation,appearance motivation and fun motivation between male and female college students(P <0.01),and there was no significant difference in exercise motivation of different grades with different degrees(p> 0.01).The highest evaluation score of college students’ physical exercise effect was the health effect(3.6271),with a significant difference between men and women(P <0.01).There was no significant difference in the ability effect evaluation(P=0.027)(P <0.01)(p> 0.01).3.Individual influencing factors of college students’ physical exercise behavior,there were significant differences in personal input,exercise risk and exercise ability(p <0.05);significant differences in participation choice(p <0.05);and significant differences in personal input,participation choice and exercise ability between junior and undergraduate students(p <0.05).4.Social environment influencing factors of college students’ physical exercise behavior,social environment factors including seven dimensions participation opportunity dimension the highest score(4.206),the male and female college students in social constraints,exercise atmosphere,exercise conditions,participation opportunity dimension significant difference,factors through the difference after multiple comparisons(LSD),in exercise atmosphere and leisure time between freshman and sophomore(p <0.01),between freshman and third has significant difference(p <0.05).5.The influencing factors of college students’ physical exercise behavior,teacher evaluation is the main factor affecting the persistence of college students’ physical exercise,with the highest average score(3.848).Among them,there are significant differences between male and female college students in knowledge and skills,practical content,teacher evaluation(p <0.01),and significant differences in terms of practical knowledge and skill content and teacher evaluation(p <0.01).6.In the regression analysis,psychological factors and individual factors explained 22.9% and 42.2% of the total variation in exercise adherence.Among the environmental factors,the five variables of participation opportunity,exercise atmosphere,exercise condition,institutional constraint and social constraint can explain 36.5% of the total variation of exercise adherence.In the physical education teaching factors,knowledge skills and interest can explain the strong exerciseResearch conclusion:1.The physical exercise content of college students is relatively single.Exercise behavior shows the characteristics of short time,low frequency and small intensity.The performance of boys is generally higher than that of girls,and students in lower grades are generally higher than senior students.2.Self-evaluation of exercise motivation and exercise effect has significant positive influence on college students’ physical exercise behavior;in terms of exercise motivation,boys have stronger social and fun motivation,while girls pay more attention to appearance motivation;in self-evaluation of exercise effect,boys are stronger in health effect and social effect,while girls show higher level of appearance effect。3.Individual factors have a significant influence on college students’ physical exercise behavior,in which individual input and sports ability have a positive impact on physical exercise behavior,while participation choice and sports risk;individual factors rank from high to low for sports risk,personal input,participation choice and sports ability.Boys are greatly influenced by personal input and exercise ability,while girls are greatly influenced by exercise risk,and personal input and athletic ability.4.Among the four variables of social environment factors,participation opportunity,exercise atmosphere,exercise conditions and system constraints have positive effects on college students’ exercise behavior,while social constraints have negative effects;male students are stronger than girls in social constraints,exercise atmosphere,exercise conditions and participation opportunities;stronger in exercise atmosphere and leisure time;exercise atmosphere,social constraints and leisure time.5.The combination of knowledge,skills and interests has a positive impact on college students’ exercise and persistence behavior.The factors influencing physical education are: teacher evaluation,practical content,knowledge and skills,interest fit and cognitive experience.In terms of knowledge skills and content,boys are better than girls,and girls pay more attention to teacher evaluation;lower grades are higher in terms of teaching content,knowledge skills and teacher evaluation.6.Exercise motivation,exercise effect,individual factors,social environment factors,physical education factors and exercise persistence all have significant correlation;exercise effect and exercise motivation variables in psychological factors,individual input,exercise ability variables,participation opportunity,knowledge skills and interest variables in physical education factors,college students’ physical exercise persistence,with high prediction value. |
