A Comparative Study On Inhibition Control And Working Memory Ability Of Wushu Athletes At Different Levels Based On FNIRS

Background: As one of the representatives of modern martial arts,wushu routine is a complete set of exercises in Chinese martial arts,which takes attack and attack as the material,and consists of attack and defense,advance and retreat,dynamic and dynamic slowly,rigid and soft,virtual and solid and other contradictory movements combined with changes.When athletes practice martial arts routines,they should not only master the whole set of movements,but also ensure the fluency of movement cohesion,the sense of rhythm of routine drills and the stability of difficult movements.At this time,the participation of inhibitory control and working memory in the cognitive function of athletes’ brain is needed.Therefore,inhibitory control and working memory ability are considered to be one of the important factors that affect athletes’ performance on the field and ensure the integrity of routine drills.At present,there are few researches on inhibition control and advantage of working memory ability of high-level wushu athletes.Purpose: In this study,by comparing the inhibitory control,working memory and the changes of oxygenated hemoglobin(Oxy-Hb)concentration in the brain region of the prefrontal lobe during the execution of the task,the differences of various task indexes of inhibitory control and working memory among athletes of different levels of wushu routine were revealed.To explore whether inhibition control and working memory ability are positively correlated with the level of wushu routineMethods: In this study,wushu routine athletes and non-sports major college students were selected as the research objects.48 subjects were selected and divided into high level group(national level 1 athletes and above),medium level group(national level 2 athletes),no level group(non-grade practitioners)and control group(non-sports major college students)according to their sports levels.The Stroop task was used to measure cognitive inhibitory control,the Go-nogo task was used to measure behavioral inhibitory control,and the 2-back task was used to measure working memory,while the fNIRS near infrared imaging technique was used to monitor changes in oxygenated hemoglobin(Oxy-Hb)concentration during the task.While the behavioral index was the correct rate and response of the task,the brain mechanism index was the activation level of oxygenated hemoglobin(Oxy-Hb)in the prefrontal brain region.Results:(1)Cognitive inhibition control ability(Stroop task),the subjects’ accuracy had no significant difference(P > 0.05),the high level group was significantly lower than the control group under consistent and inconsistent conditions(P < 0.05),fNIRS index,The activation levels of Oxy-Hb in orbitofrontal cortex(OFC),prefrontal pole(FPA)and ventrolateral prefrontal lobe(VLPFC)in the high-level group were significantly higher than those in the control group.(2)Behavioral inhibition control ability(Go-Nogo task),nogo error rate of subjects had no significant difference(P > 0.05),Go response of high level group was significantly lower than that of no rank group and control group(P < 0.05),fNIRS index,The activation level of Oxy-Hb in the orbitofrontal cortex(OFC)and the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex(R-VLPFC)in the high level group and the moderate level group was significantly higher than that in the control group.(3)Working memory ability(2-back task),the subjects’ accuracy had no significant difference(P > 0.05),the high level group was significantly lower than the other three groups(P< 0.05),in the fNIRS index,The activation levels of Oxy-Hb in the ventrolateral prefrontal lobe(VLPFC)and dorsolateral prefrontal lobe(DLPFC)were significantly higher in the high-level group than in the control group.Conclusions:(1)In the cognitive inhibition control ability,the high-level wushu routine athletes have a significant advantage,while the intermediate level and low level athletes have a slight weakness;Cognitive inhibition tasks can activate the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex(VLPFC),orbitofrontal cortex(OFC)and prefrontal pole(FPA)brain regions of athletes.(2)In the control ability of behavior inhibition,athletes with high level of martial arts routine have a significant advantage,but athletes with low level have a slightly poor ability of behavior inhibition;The behavioral inhibition task activated the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex(VLPFC)and orbitofrontal cortex(OFC).(3)In the working memory ability,the high level wushu routine athletes have a significant advantage,the medium level and low level group slightly worse;Working memory tasks activated the ventrolateral prefrontal(VLPFC)and dorsolateral prefrontal(DLPFC)brain regions of athletes.