The Relationship Between Parental Support And Adolescents’ Exercise Adherence: The Chain Mediation Effects Of Exercise Motivation And Self-efficacy

Objective: the cultivation of adolescent health behavior has always been the focus and frontier of international research.Especially since the epidemic of COVID-19,the problem of exercise adherence of teenagers needs to be paid attention to and solved urgently.In adolescence,parents are considered to be one of the main influencing factors of behavior patterns related to adolescent physical activity.However,the mechanism of the effect of parental support on exercise adherence and the relationship between it are not clear.Therefore,the purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between parental support,exercise motivation and self-efficacy on adolescent exercise adherence,and to verify the intermediary role of exercise motivation and self-efficacy in the relationship between parental support and adolescent exercise adherence,so as to provide intervention strategies for improving adolescent exercise adherence.Methods: the mature questionnaire was used to measure the parents’ support,exercise motivation,general self-efficacy and exercise adherence of teenagers.The reliability and validity of the questionnaire met the requirements of the survey.Using the method of multi-stage stratified cluster sampling,2088 adolescents(average age12.82 ± 0.758 years old,including 1081 boys and 1007 girls)from four areas of Shanghai were investigated,and the questionnaire survey was conducted by the combination of questionnaire star network questionnaire and on-the-spot paper questionnaire.The collected data were imported into Excel for consolidation,and the data were analyzed by SPSS26.0.In the descriptive statistics,we analyze the demographic characteristics of the survey objects,use correlation analysis to verify the correlation between the variables,and use Amos24.0 to build a structural equation model to analyze and verify the collected data.Results:(1)there was no significant difference in parental support between male and female(p > 0.05),but there were significant differences in different grades(p <0.05).There were significant differences in different body mass index(Fig.156,p <0.05).The degree of parental support of adolescents with normal weight was higher than that of underweight,overweight and obese adolescents.(2)there was no significant difference in exercise motivation among students of different genders and grades(p > 0.05),but there were significant differences among adolescents with different body mass index(Found3.543,p < 0.05).The average scores of exercise motivation and its dimensions of adolescents with normal weight were higher than those of underweight,overweight and obese adolescents.(3)there were significant gender differences in self-efficacy,which was significantly higher in boys than in girls(t = 3.29,p < 0.01),but there was no significant difference in different grades and different body mass index(p > 0.05).(4)there were significant differences in exercise adherence between males and females(p < 0.01),while there was no significant difference in exercise adherence among adolescents of different grades and body mass index(p > 0.05).(5)there was a significant positive correlation between parental support,exercise motivation and its dimensions,self-efficacy,exercise adherence and their dimensions(p < 0.01).(6)exercise motivation and self-efficacy play an intermediary role between parental support and exercise adherence(the effect value is0.028),accounting for 6.1% of the total effect.the chain mediating effect consists of three paths: the mediating effect produced by the way of "parents supporting" exercise motivation "exercise adherence" and the mediating effect produced by the way of "parents supporting" exercise adherence " The mediating effect produced by " parents supporting " exercise motivation " self-efficacy " exercise adherence ";the effect values of these three paths are 0.054,0.148 and 0.028 respectively,accounting for 11.5%,31.6% and 6.1% of the total effect,respectively.Conclusions:(1)there are no significant differences in parental support and exercise motivation of adolescents in gender,but there are differences in different body mass index,self-efficacy and exercise adherence in gender.There is no difference in different body mass index.In the grade,there is no significant difference in exercise motivation,self-efficacy and exercise adherence,but the degree of parental support of junior high school students is higher than that of junior high school students.(2)Parental support,exercise motivation and self-efficacy can promote teenagers’ exercise adherence.(3)exercise motivation and self-efficacy play a chain mediating effect between parental support and exercise adherence.