The Research On The Relationship Between Rural Labor Employment Polarization And Family Education Investment Differentiation And The Influence Of The Former On The Latter

Economic development is closely related to human capital as a factor of production,and education is the core of human capital.Compared with developed countries,the proportion of workers who have received high school level education is relatively low in China at present,and there is a large gap between urban and rural education development levels.Education is important in narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor and maintaining social stability,etc.Therefore,it is especially important to comprehensively improve individual human capital investment,and it has been a long-term concern for the government and some scholars.The supply of education and the demand for education in the labor market are the two most important factors that influence individual human capital investment behavior.However,most of the existing literature has focused on how education supply affects individual human capital investment,and how to promote individual human capital investment by improving the quantity and quality of education supply.The common shortcoming of these studies is that they do not take into account the labor market demand for education as an influencing factor.This paper will analyze its relationship with and impact on the differentiation of educational investment among different rural households from the perspective of rural labor employment polarization.This paper firstly collates and reviews previous research literature by scholars on labor market polarization trends and investment in human capital education,and secondly distributes questionnaires on a household basis in rural areas with varying levels of economic development within prefecture-level municipalities.This research study takes resident rural households in the region as the scope of the target population,and based on the parental education level,income level and occupation type of each household in the questionnaire,as well as the children’s The five variables,such as the number of children and learning ability,were divided into two strata,A and B,by regression analysis and used in the stratification analysis in the second half of this paper.Again the author uses CHIP rural data from 1995,2002 and 2013 and performs unconditional quantile regression(RIF)on the data to portray the phenomenon and characteristics of rural labor employment polarization at the individual microdata level.Finally,this paper analyzes in the theoretical and empirical parts respectively how the increased demand for high and low skills affects the investment in education of different rural households and draws the following conclusions.1.increased high-skill demand affects different rural households’ investment decisions in higher education mainly through the rise in high returns to education.The increased demand for high skills raises the probability of rural individuals to engage in higher education investment behavior,and shows a positive effect on higher education investment for rural individuals of class A and B.This positive effect is stronger for the class A group.2.Increased low-skill demand affects different rural households’ investment decisions in high school level education mainly through the increase in opportunity cost of education.The increase in low-skill demand decreases the probability of rural individuals’ investment behavior in high school education,and shows a negative effect on rural individuals’ investment in high school education in class A and class B,and this negative effect is stronger for class B group.3.The simultaneous increase in the demand for high and low skills will widen the gap in education investment between different rural strata and even cause a divergence in education investment.In response to the findings,this paper suggests that,on the one hand,we should increase the demand for high-skilled labor,i.e.,increase the number of high-skilled jobs and promote rural individuals’ investment in higher education by increasing the returns to higher education;on the other hand,we should minimize the deterrent effect of increased demand for low-skilled labor on rural individuals’ investment in upper secondary education by increasing the opportunity cost of education.This paper mainly considers the positive and negative effects of labor employment demand on rural individuals’ investment in education,because only by making rural individuals believe that they can gain long-term benefits by continuing to invest in education can they be fully motivated to invest in education,which will in turn promote China’s sustainable economic development and long-term accumulation of human capital.