Research On The Optimization Of Entrepreneurship Education Ecosystem Of Undergraduate Universities In Heilongjiang Province

In October 2021,the State Council issued the "Guiding Opinions on Further Supporting College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship",which made further decisions and deployments for college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship,deepened the reform of innovation and entrepreneurship education in universities,optimized the innovation and entrepreneurship talent team,assisted local economic development,and cultivated innovative talents with collaborative innovation spirit and excellent practical abilities.Based on this,this article is based on the current development status of the entrepreneurship education ecosystem in undergraduate universities in Heilongjiang Province.23 public ordinary undergraduate universities and 10 representative companies and enterprises in Heilongjiang Province were selected to compare and analyze the entrepreneurship education of sample universities.At the same time,relevant interviews and surveys were conducted on sample companies to identify the problems that exist in the entrepreneurship education ecosystem of undergraduate universities in Heilongjiang Province at the current stage,And propose corresponding optimization paths.The basic framework of the paper is as follows:In the first part,the research background,purpose and significance,research content and methods,as well as the domestic and international research status of the entrepreneurship education ecosystem in undergraduate universities in Heilongjiang Province were elaborated and analyzed.The second part defines the relevant concepts of entrepreneurship education ecosystem,and takes human capital theory,synergy theory,Ecological systems theory theory,and resource allocation theory as the theoretical basis of this study.The third part analyzes the current situation and problems of the entrepreneurship education ecosystem in undergraduate universities in Heilongjiang Province.Based on L.D.Stufflebeam "background-input-process-output" education evaluation model,with a focus on the results of questionnaires and interviews,a survey was conducted on 23 public undergraduate universities and 10 representative companies and enterprises in Heilongjiang Province,Use Analytic Hierarchy Process to identify the problems and main optimization items in the university entrepreneurship education ecosystem.It has been found that there are problems in the entrepreneurship education ecosystem of undergraduate universities in Heilongjiang Province at present,such as a single curriculum system for entrepreneurship education,a lack of entrepreneurial practical experience among entrepreneurship teachers,insufficient utilization of innovation and entrepreneurship practical teaching platforms,a lack of high-quality entrepreneurial campus cultural environment,insufficient depth of entrepreneurship among school enterprise cooperation students,and insufficient implementation of innovation and entrepreneurship policies.Analyzing the causes may be due to the limited content and assessment methods of entrepreneurship education courses,insufficient endogenous motivation of entrepreneurship education teachers,and a lack of deep cooperation between schools and enterprises,providing direction for the proposed optimization strategies in the following text.The fourth part is about the experience and reference of optimizing the entrepreneurship education ecosystem in domestic and foreign undergraduate universities.It analyzes the entrepreneurship education ecosystem in domestic and foreign undergraduate universities,such as the United States,Germany,Japan,Zhejiang,Beijing,and Jilin,summarizes the experience and draws on it.The fifth part is about the optimization path of entrepreneurship education ecosystem in undergraduate universities in Heilongjiang Province.Based on the previous research and analysis,specific and feasible optimization paths are proposed to construct a four spiral entrepreneurship education ecosystem of universities,enterprises,market(society),and government.