Research And Practice Of High School Physics Experiments Based On Scientific Methods

The influence of "science" is ubiquitous,but few people can express its meaning and connotation.When imparting physics knowledge,teachers directly show the achievements or theories which established by scientists without analyzing the basic methods in the process,Therefore the efforts and difficulties what the scientists experienced in the research process will not be understood by students.Blindly imparting knowledge replaces understanding the basic methods of scientific research,not only will students lose the opportunity to explore mysteries in the experiment,but they will also narrow down the view of science.Therefore,it is necessary to improve the basic quality in scientific research-scientific methods.Firstly,this article adopts the literature research method to separate the scientific methods which is based on experimental perspectives from the broad scientific methods.It is founded on the content related to scientific methods in the literature of "Physics:Basic Concepts and Connections in All Aspects","Physics Experiments in Foreign High Schools",and "Principles and Problems" in the United States as the basis,and sorts out the concepts,elements,and specific manifestations of scientific methods.Secondly,according to the curriculum standards,it lay the theoretical foundation for research through summarizing the basic types of physical experiments and the experimental abilities with scientific methods.Furthermore,we make a theoretical investigation on the emphasis of experimental ability testing in China and the UK,highlighted and evaluated to the experimental abilities and scientific methods used in the entrance examination in the two countries,and compare the emphasis about that.Finally,we draw a conclusion,the experimental questions in China mainly focus on confirmatory experiments,with a focus on examining data processing capabilities.On the contrary,the UK test questions can cultivate exploratory experiments,emphasizing the assessment of various abilities and the exploration of the essence of science,which can serve as a sample of experimental questions to test students’ experimental abilities.For further analysis,we adopted an educational experiment method to compare the performance of students who have experienced the experiment with those who have not.The study found that students who have experienced the experimental process can promote the development of multiple experimental abilities,but the ability of data processing is affected by the thinking patterns caused by past knowledge,so this experimental ability has not been improved.In order to strengthen data processing ability,the author designed a guided worksheet for further practice,guiding students to explore in the experiment.Finally,it was concluded that students can avoid fixed thinking patterns and use scientific methods to draw correct images under the guidance of the worksheet,thereby improving their data processing ability.This is closely related to the guiding,targeted,and logical characteristics of the worksheet.In summary,in order to improve experimental abilities and cultivate talents with scientific potential,the scientific methods of experiments should be valued.Teachers can incorporate more scientific methods into the process of teaching in the laboratory,and students can master these basic scientific methods and develop a rigorous scientific attitude.In the future,they will definitely shine brightly in scientific research.