| Objective:Aerobic exercise has an improving effect on executive function,and studies have also found that acute aerobic exercise can boost executive function.However,the findings of studies on the effect of different intensity aerobic exercise on executive function are inconsistent,and this reason may be closely related to the duration of acute aerobic exercise,exercise intervention,and participants’ Physical fitness.Studies have found that acute moderate-intensity and high-intensity aerobic exercise,as two different types of aerobic exercise,are associated with the development of executive function.Therefore,in this study,the effect of acute moderate-and high-intensity aerobic exercise on college students’executive function will be explored in combination with fNIRS technology.Methods:Forty college students aged 18-26 were selected as research subjects,and mixed experiments were used in 2(test time:pre-test,post-test)×2(intensity:medium intensity,high intensity)×2(task).The response time of the behavioral task results was used as the dependent variable,the medium and high intensity aerobic exercise was used as the intergroup variable,and the before and after measurement time was the intra-group variable.The behavioral task pretest was carried out before the start of exercise,a behavioral task test was carried out after the exercise intervention,and the fNIRS device was used to detect and collect the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin in the subject’s brain during the before and after test,and finally the effect of acute medium and high intensity exercise intervention on the executive function of college students was analyzed from two aspects:behavioral and neurological.Results:(1)In terms of accuracy,the inhibition control task showed a significant main effect of time(p=0.000),and the post-test of moderate and high intensity exercise intervention was significantly different from the pre-test.The main effect of refresh task Performance time was significant(p=0.000),and there was a significant difference between the post-test and the pre-test.There was a significant difference between the Post-test and the pre-test of moderate and high intensity exercise intervention.The conversion function showed a significant main effect of time(p=0.000),and there was a significant difference between the post-test and the pre-test.(2)In terms of reaction time,inhibition control showed a significant difference in the main effect of time(p=0.000).After the intervention of moderate and high intensity exercise,the reaction time was significantly lower than that before the intervention.There was a significant difference in time × Flanker task type × intensity(p=0.038).There was a significant difference in the decrease of reaction time between high intensity aerobic exercise and moderate intensity aerobic exercise on inconsistent tasks(p=0.004).The main effect of refresh task performance time was significant(p=0.000),and the response time of N-back task was reduced after acute moderate and high intensity aerobic exercise intervention.The switching function showed a significant main effect of time(p=0.000).After acute moderate and high intensity aerobic exercise intervention,the Post-test reaction time of More-odd shifting task was reduced.(3)On the results of fNIRS data,there was a significant interaction effect of time × task type × intensity on the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus in the inhibitory control task(p=0.045).After high-intensity aerobic exercise intervention,the average value of oxyhemoglobin concentration in the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus was higher than that in the Pretest when the inconsistent task was completed.There was a significant interaction effect of time × task type × intensity on the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus(p=0.042).After high-intensity exercise intervention,the average value of oxyhemoglobin concentration in the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus was higher than that in the pretest when the inconsistent task was completed.There was a significant difference in the main effect of time in the left middle frontal gyrus(p=0.009),and there was a significant difference in the interaction effect of time × task type × intensity(p=0.021).When completing inconsistent tasks,the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin in the left middle frontal gyrus of the high-intensity exercise group was higher than that in the anterior side;the main effect of time in the right middle frontal gyrus was significantly different(p=0.012),and the interaction effect between time × task type × intensity was significantly different(p=0.011).In the post-test of inconsistent tasks,the concentration of oxyhemoglobin in the right middle frontal gyrus of the high-intensity exercise group was significantly different from that of the moderate-intensity exercise group(p=0.024).There was a significant difference in the main effect of refresh task in the right middle frontal gyrus(p=0.049).After exercise,the concentration of oxyhemoglobin in the right middle frontal gyrus of the moderate intensity exercise group was higher than that of the high intensity exercise group.There was a significant difference in the main effect of time in the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus(p=0.001),and there was a significant difference in time× task type × intensity(p=0.013).The concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin in the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus of the moderate intensity exercise group was higher than that of the high intensity exercise group(p=0.019).The main effect of time in the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus was significant(p=0.017),and the concentration of oxyhemoglobin after exercise intervention was higher than that before exercise intervention.There was a significant difference in the main effect of time in the right middle frontal gyrus(p=0.041).The concentration of oxyhemoglobin after exercise intervention was higher than that before exercise intervention.There was a significant difference in the main effect of time in the left triangular inferior frontal gyrus(p=0.038).The concentration of oxyhemoglobin after exercise intervention was higher than that before exercise intervention.Conclusion:(1)After the intervention of acute moderate-intensity and high-intensity aerobic exercise,the inhibitory control ability of college students to perform control was improved,and the brain activation level of the subjects was improved.(2)Acute high-intensity aerobic exercise improved the brain activation level of college students higher than that of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise,and the effect of inhibition control was more significant.(3)Acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise could improve the switching ability of college students and promote the activation of relevant brain regions of subjects.(4)Acute moderate-intensity and high-intensity aerobic exercise can improve executive control and promote brain activation in college students,among which the most significant effect on inhibitory control improvement,refresh function and conversion function are also improved. |
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