| Research Objective: This study measured and analyzed the fear of falling,the performance of somatization and the balance ability of the 70-79 year old people,aiming to understand the situation of the fear of falling,the performance of somatization and the balance ability of the 70-79 year old people,and explore the relationship among the three,so as to provide evidence and reference for promoting the physical and mental health of this group.Research Methods: In this study,literature review and collate relevant studies on fall fear,somatization and balance ability of the elderly at home and abroad.A total of120 elderly people aged 70-79 years old from Chengdu,Meishan and Luzhou were taken as test subjects.Combined with the physical and mental characteristics of the elderly,the fear of falling,the performance of somatization and the ability of balance,The somatization score scales of the Revised Fall Efficacy Scale and the Self-Rating Symptom Scale(SCL-90)were used to measure the fear of falling and the somatization performance of the elderly.Height,weight,BMI and waist circumference were used as body shape measurement indicators.Standing on one foot with eyes closed,timing-standing-walking and Berg balance test were used as balance ability measurement indicators.The results of the collected questionnaires and balance ability test were classified and coded.Excel and SPSS 22.0 were used for statistical analysis of the data.(1)The basic information and body shape indexes of the elderly were analyzed by percentage,etc.;(2)The average ± standard difference was used to make descriptive statistics on the elderly’s fear of falling and scores of each dimension,scores of somatization performance and scores of balance ability.(3)Independent sample T-test was used to compare the differences of body shape index,fall fear,somatization performance,balance ability,gender and age of the elderly;(4)The single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the elderly with different education level,different marital status,different living style,different weekly exercise times of fall fear and its different dimensions,somatic performance and balance ability indexes,and then LSD method was used to conduct post-variance analysis multiple test;(5)Pearson correlation coefficient was used to explore the correlation between fall fear and somatization performance,fall fear and balance ability,and somatization performance and balance ability in the elderly.Research Results:(1)The average score of the elderly’s fear of falling was 87.82±9.31 points;Fall fear(t=2.511,P=0.013,P < 0.05),the mean scores of indoor dimension(t=1.995,P=0.049,P < 0.05)and outdoor dimension(t=3.196,P=0.002,P < 0.01)were different in age.That is,the degree of fall fear of 75-79 years old is significantly higher than that of 70-74 years old.There were significant differences in the mean score of fall fear among the elderly: marital status(F=3.080,P=0.030,P < 0.05),residence style(F=7.829,P=0.001,P < 0.01),and different weekly exercise times(F=7.829,P=0.021,P < 0.05).That is,the fear of falling of the married elderly is significantly lower than that of the unmarried and widowed elderly,the fear of falling of the elderly living in the nursing institution is higher than that of the elderly living with their families,that is,the fear of falling of the elderly who exercise more than 3 times a week is significantly lower than that of the elderly who exercise 1-2 times a week.There were no differences in the mean scores of indoor dimension and outdoor dimension of the elderly in marital status,living style and weekly exercise times(P > 0.05).There were no gender and education differences in the elderly’s fear of falling and their indoor and outdoor scores(P > 0.05).(2)The average score of somatization was 19.18 ± 6.12 points;There were significant gender differences in the performance of somatization(t=-4.9,P=0.000,P <0.001)and anxiety(t=-2.205,P=0.029,P < 0.05),that is,the performance of somatization and anxiety in the elderly women was more significant than that in the elderly men.There were significant age differences in the somatization performance of the elderly(t=-2.025,P=0.045,P < 0.05)and anxiety performance(t=-2.357,P=0.020,P < 0.05),that is,the somatization and anxiety performance of the elderly aged 75-79 were more significant than those aged 70-74.There were significant differences in the somatization performance of the elderly(F=3.317,P=0.040,P < 0.05)and anxiety performance(F=3.437,P=0.035,P < 0.05),that is,the somatization performance of the elderly with primary school education and below was more significant than that of the elderly with high school education and above.The elderly with junior middle school education showed more anxiety than those with senior high school education.There were significant differences in the somatization performance of the elderly(F=3.362,P=0.040,P < 0.05)and anxiety performance(F=3.333,P=0.022,P < 0.05),that is,the somatization performance of the married and unmarried elderly was more significant than that of the widowed and divorced elderly,and the anxiety performance of the married elderly was more significant than that of the unmarried elderly.There were no differences in the performance of somatization and anxiety in the elderly(P > 0.05).(3)Balance ability of the elderly: the mean score of standing on one foot with eyes closed was 2.41±1.61(s),the mean score of timing,standing up and walking was10.04±3.60(s),and the mean score of Berg balance test was 48.22±6.41 points.There were significant age differences in standing on one leg with eyes closed(t=2.044,P=0.043,P < 0.05),timing-standing-walking(t=-2.289,P=0.024,P < 0.05)and Berg balance test(t=2.274,P=0.025,P < 0.05).That is,the dynamic and static balance ability of 70-74 years old is significantly better than that of 75-79 years old.There were significant differences in marital status among the elderly(F=6.644,P=0.000,P < 0.001)and Berg balance test(F=5.663,P=0.001,P < 0.01),that is,the comprehensive evaluation of dynamic and static balance ability of married elderly was significantly better than that of unmarried and widowed elderly.The difference is more significant in dynamic equilibrium.Indicators of balance ability of the elderly: There were significant differences in living style in standing on one foot with eyes closed(F=10.427,P=0.000,P < 0.001),timing-standing-walking(F=7.140,P=0.001,P < 0.01)and Berg balance test(F=3.230,P=0.043,P < 0.05).That is,the dynamic,static and comprehensive balance ability of the elderly living with their family members is better than that of the elderly living in pension institutions.The difference is significant in both dynamic and static balance tests.The dynamic balance ability of the elderly living alone is better than that of the elderly living in pension institutions.The indexes of balance ability of the elderly: standing on one foot with eyes closed,timing-standing up-walking,Berg balance test had no differences in gender,education level,weekly exercise times(P >0.05).(4)Fall fear(r=-0.421,P=0.000),indoor dimension(r=-0.199,P=0.030),outdoor dimension(r=-0.203,P=0.026)and somatic performance were significantly negatively correlated,that is,the higher the average score of fall fear and indoor and outdoor dimension,The less significant the somatization;There was a significant negative correlation between the mean score of fear of falling(r=-0.191,P=0.037)and anxiety performance in the elderly,that is,the higher the mean score of fear of falling,the less significant the anxiety performance.There is no correlation between indoor and outdoor dimensions of fall fear and anxiety.There was a significant positive correlation between static balance ability and fall fear(r=0.387,P=0.000),indoor dimension(r=0.272,P=0.003)and outdoor dimension score mean(r=0.341,P=0.000),that is,the higher the fall fear and indoor and outdoor dimension score mean,the better the static balance ability.There was a significant negative correlation between dynamic balance ability and fall fear(r=-0.495,P=0.000),indoor dimension(r=-0.286,P=0.002),outdoor dimension(r=-0.277,P=0.002)score mean,that is,the lower the fall fear and its indoor and outdoor dimension score mean,the worse the dynamic balance ability.There was a significant positive correlation between the assessment of comprehensive ability of dynamic and static balance and the mean scores of fall fear(r=0.532,P=0.000),indoor dimension(r=0.407,P=0.000)and outdoor dimension(r=0.406,P=0.000),that is,the higher the mean scores of fall fear and its indoor and outdoor dimensions,Dynamic and static comprehensive balance ability is better;There was a significant negative correlation between somatizing performance and the mean scores of static balance(r=-0.193,P=0.035)and dynamic and static comprehensive balance(r=-0.456,P=0.000),and a significant positive correlation between somatizing performance and the mean scores of timing,standing up and walking(r=0.359,P=0.000).That is,the more significant the somatization,the worse the balance;There was a significant negative correlation between anxiety performance and the mean score of Berg balance test(r=-0.205,P=0.024),that is,the more significant anxiety performance,the worse the comprehensive ability of dynamic and static balance.There was no correlation between anxiety performance and dynamic and static balance ability.The results showed that:(1)the elderly in the higher age group had a higher fear of falling than the elderly in the lower age group;The married elderly showed lower fear of falling;The elderly living with family members showed a lower fear of falling than those living in nursing institutions.Older adults who exercised three or more times a week showed a lower fear of falling than those who exercised once or twice a week.(2)Older women showed more significant somatization and anxiety;Older people in higher age group showed more significant somatization and anxiety than those in lower age group.The aged with primary school education or below showed more significant somatization than those with high school education or above.Widowed and divorced elderly showed more significant somatization than married and unmarried elderly,and unmarried elderly showed more significant anxiety than married elderly.(3)The balance ability of the elderly in the low age group is better than that of the elderly in the high age group;The balance ability of married elderly is better than that of unmarried and widowed elderly,and the difference in dynamic balance is significant.The balance ability of the elderly living with their families is better than that of the elderly living in pension institutions.The difference is significant in both dynamic and static balance tests.The dynamic balance ability of the elderly living alone is better than that of the elderly living in pension institutions.(4)There was a significant positive correlation between the fear of falling and the manifestation of somatization: the more serious the fear of falling and its indoor and outdoor dimensions,the more obvious the manifestation of somatization and anxiety;There was a significant negative correlation between the fear of falling and the balance ability: the more serious the fear of falling and its indoor and outdoor dimensions,the worse the static balance ability,dynamic balance ability and dynamic and static balance comprehensive ability.The somatization performance was negatively correlated with the balance ability: the more obvious the somatization performance of the elderly,the worse the static balance ability,dynamic balance ability and dynamic and static balance comprehensive ability;The more obvious the anxiety of the elderly,the worse the comprehensive ability of dynamic and static balance. |
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