Ethnic Preparatory Courses In Hunan Province Based On The PRECEDE-PROCEED Model Study On Student Physical Health Intervention

Objective: To analyze the physical health status of ethnic students and the reserve,lifestyle and adopt the influence factors,and discuss the tendency,promoting and strengthening factors of preparatory students.Based on the basis of the evaluation results,the physical health promotion intervention program was formulated and implemented to explore the effect of the physical health promotion program in the preparatory student group.Enrich and improve the theoretical research on the physical health of students in special groups,and provide a reference for the promotion of the physical health of contemporary college students.Methods: The questionnaire method and experiment method were used to study the intervention of ethnic preparatory students in Hunan Province.Students from seven classes of 2020 of Jishou University were selected as the subjects of physical health test and questionnaire.After evaluation,224 people with poor physical fitness were screened as the intervention subjects,among which 112 were each in the control group and the experimental group.The experimental group conducted 12 weeks of exercise intervention and health education intervention,3 times / week,60 minutes /session;health education intervention once every four weeks,50 minutes / time.The control group completed the regular physical education class,maintained the original life rhythm,and had no additional exercise intervention and health education intervention.The physical health(including morphology,function and quality indicators)was tested before,during and after the intervention,and the questionnaire survey was conducted.Results:(1)Overall,the qualified rate of men and girls in Hunan province was77.23% and 68.11%,respectively,and the overall physical condition of boys was better than that of girls.Among them,the excellent rate and pass rate of boys were17.07% and 60.16% respectively,and the pass rate of girls were 4.87% and 63.24%respectively.(2)For individual indicators,boys ’low weight(10.16%),obesity(8.94%),lung capacity(89.03%)and 50 m running(97.15%)were higher than girls;girls’ standing jump(68.38%)than boys(36.59%),800 m,1-minute sit-up,1000 m and pull-up,with significant gender differences(p<0.05).(3)Breakfast skipping,partial eaters,sleep deprivation,smokers and alcoholics accounted for 13.22%,35.67%,15.63%,and 33.5%,respectively,and the majority were physically inactive.(4)In the later period of the intervention,the results of the physical health test between both the experimental group and the control group showed that compared with the previous intervention,the overall physical qualification rate of the experimental group increased by 17.8% and 21.5%,respectively,and the difference was significant(p<0.05).In the later intervention,the average overall physical fitness scores of men and girls were 82.60 and 79.95 points,which were 14.39 and 16.48 points higher than before the intervention.In the middle and late stages of the intervention,the overall physical pass rate of the experimental group and the average overall physical pass score of male and female students were higher than that of the control group.(5)After the intervention,the experimental group and the control group questionnaire scores show that the knowledge,attitude,behavior,and the total score increased2.1,0.91,1.56 and 4.57 points,all high control group,knowledge dimension,attitude and behavior,and total score have significant group differences(p<0.05).Conclusion:(1)In general,the overall physical condition of boys is better than that of girls.However,the excellent rate of the comprehensive index of male and female students is very low.From the perspective of individual physical indicators,male explosive power,upper limb strength and cardiopulmonary endurance,female waist strength,cardiopulmonary endurance,explosive power and speed are poor;men and girls have higher overweight and obesity rate.(2)Ethnic preparatory students do not eat breakfast,partial eaters,often stay up late,smoking and drinking more,relatively less time for physical activity,sitting and less movement time gradually increased.(3)Sports and health education intervention can effectively improve the physical health level,health knowledge,attitude level and promote the health behavior of preparatory students.