Study On The Relationship Between Physical Fitness,Special Ability And Performance Of Chinese Elite Men’s 400m Hurdlers

Research Objectives:For the 400m hurdles,which is a combination of speed,technology and rhythm,there is a big gap between the strength of my country’s men’s event and the Tokyo Olympics entry standard(48.90s),but the reason for the difference is the physical fitness,technology or other factors of the athletes.The factors need to be further studied.Many studies at home and abroad have explained the relationship between a single index and performance.What role physical fitness and special ability as a whole concept play in the sports performance of this event needs further research.The research on the physical fitness and special characteristics of elite athletes helps us to understand the current situation of physical fitness and special ability of men’s 400m hurdles athletes in my country,helps coaches to solve athletes’ sports performance from the perspective of physical fitness and special ability,and provides more information on material selection and special training.scientific guidance.Research methods:This research mainly adopts 1.Literature data method.2,the interview method.3.Mathematical statistics.4.Measurement method,morphological indicators(weight,height and related derived parameters,body fat)and functional indicators(spiritual capacity,biochemical tests,maximal oxygen uptake,anaerobic work)of 8 male athletes participating in the 400m hurdles of the National Games were carried out.Quality indicators:strength(relative index such as squat,high clean,bench press,etc.),speed-strength(standing long jump,vertical jump,derived parameter RSI),endurance(waist and abdomen endurance,3000m running);special ability(100m,400m,110m hurdles)and other tests to analyze the current situation of athletes’ physical fitness and special ability,and find out the physical fitness factors and special ability factors that affect sports performance through principal component analysis and other methods.Research results ①The athlete’s morphological test showed that he was taller(RPI:45.61±0.68m/kg 1/3),and the muscle volume was smaller(BMI:19.29 ±0.79kg/m2);② The athlete was relatively squatting,high clean,deadlift,lying down Pushing relative strength test results are 2.46 ± 0.06kg/BW,1.68 ± 0.89kg/BW,1.54 ±0.04kg/BW,1.16 ± 0.87kg/BW;speed test result is 3.88±0.10s,endurance running result is 754.13±53.78s;③The athlete’s vertical jump test result is 54.69±1.78cm,the eccentric utilization rate is 1.11±0.02,and the reaction force is 2.17 ± 0.08;the forward flexion is 14.36±4.14cm;④The athlete’s lung capacity test result is 68.91 ±1.54ml/BW,maximum oxygen uptake was 54.47±2.61ml/kg/min,peak anaerobic work was 14.43±0.59 W;⑥The test results of special indicators are 100m:11.15 ±0.20s,400m is 47.69 ± 0.76s,and 110m column is 14.53±0.28s.Research conclusions:①There is a certain difference in the morphology of Chinese men’s 400m hurdles athletes and international top athletes.It is necessary to improve the lateral development of athletes and increase the muscle volume of athletes while growing taller;②The relative strength meets the requirements of NSCA(American Physical Fitness Association),but absolutely The strength is significantly lower than that of top international athletes,so there is still room for improvement for Chinese athletes in this regard;(3)Athletes’ centrifugal utilization and reaction strength have reached a certain level,and there is still a certain gap between them and top track and field athletes.The level of explosive power;④ There is still a lot of room for improvement in the athletes’ special skills and abilities compared with the Olympic athletes;Special 110mH,maximum oxygen uptake,the second principal component is 30m running,squat index,deadlift index,and the third principal component is PRI and anaerobic work.⑥ According to the characteristics of the 400m hurdle,the first principal component reflects the athlete’s speed-endurance quality,the second principal component reflects the athlete’s absolute strength-speed quality,and the third principal component reflects the athlete’s functional ability.⑦The influencing factors of men’s 400m hurdles performance are complex,and physical fitness and special ability can explain 88.65%of the overall sports performance.