The Establishment Of A Step-by-step Cognitive Structure Model For High School Physics And Research On Its Teaching Strategie

Cognitive structure is the content and organization of knowledge in the learner’s mind.The process of learning is the process of constructing cognitive structures.Effective teaching enables students to form a cognitive structure with complete knowledge content and clear knowledge organization.Therefore,it is of great significance to analyze the characteristics of students’ basic cognitive structures and explore ways to help students construct higher cognitive structures.Based on the understanding of students’ basic cognitive structure,this study constructs a step-by-step cognitive structure model to explore teaching strategies to help students migrate from basic cognitive structure to higher-level cognitive structure and highest-level cognitive structure.The first part of this study is An Introduction.This paper introduces the research background of the physics selection examination,summarizes the development of cognitive structure theory and the application of cognitive structure theory in high school physics teaching,explains the significance and innovation of research,introduces the ideas of this research through flow charts,and introduces the research methods mainly used in this research.The second part defines the concepts and theories used in this study.Cognitive structure,physical cognitive structure,cognitive conflict,forward inhibition and retrograde inhibition are clearly defined,and the theory of assimilation,cognitive structure transfer theory,educational goal classification and constructivist learning theory are expounded.The third part analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the physical cognitive structure of high school students in the form of a questionnaire.It summarizes the three major problems in the physical cognitive structure of high school students: the content part is unstable,the organizational part lacks the logical connection between knowledge,and the contact with less innovative knowledge.The fourth part is the establishment and migration strategy of the step-by-step cognitive structure model in high school physics.This section accomplishes two tasks.First,a model of step-by-step cognitive structure is proposed and introduced;Second,aiming at the shortcomings of students’ cognitive structure,three major migration strategies based on the step-by-step cognitive structure model are proposed: Consolidate the knowledge content and stabilize the cognitive growth point;Construct logical connections to facilitate knowledge transfer;Expand innovative knowledge and improve physical cognitive structure.The fifth part is a practical study of the establishment and migration strategy based on the step-by-step cognitive structure model.Taking "The Law of Universal Gravitation" as an example,the teaching case design was carried out,and the teaching practice research was carried out.Finally,the effectiveness of the teaching strategy based on the step-by-step physical cognitive structure model is tested in practice.The sixth part is the research conclusions and prospects.The advantages and disadvantages of students’ cognitive structure,the proposed teaching models and teaching strategies,and the teaching practice results obtained are summarized,and the shortcomings of the research are reflected.