| 100m running is a cyclical speed strength event,requiring athletes to have basic athletic qualities such as speed,strength,and rapid transition of excitement and inhibition of the neuro-muscular system.Integrative neuromuscular training includes basic functional exercises,balance and coordination,strength,speed agility,and plyometrics training,which tends to dominate and regulate muscles by nerves,as well as the control and stability of proprioception.Therefore,this study hopes that reasonable and systematic integrative neuromuscular training can improve the speed,strength and nerve recruitment of 100-meter athletes while reducing the risk of hamstring muscle strain and knee anterior cruciate ligament injuries.Based on the above research purpose,this paper uses the methods of literature,experimental method,and mathematical statistics method to do research.After recruitment and selection,finally,confirming 12 students of track and field from Beijing Sports University,and their 100m running performance reached the national second level.They were randomly divided into TTG,INTG and tDCSG.Subjects in the experimental group were given integrative neuromuscular training 3 times a week for 8 weeks.tDCSG received 20-min,2mA transcranial direct current stimulation before or during the warm-up process,and INTG received sham stimulation for 10 minutes during the training process.The control group was trained according to the daily training schedule of 100m running.Finally,the selected indexes reflecting the performance of the 100m running were tested,and the experimental data was collected for statistical analysis.The research results are as follows:(1)The enhancing effect of 1RM free squat,knee flexion peak torque,CMJ relative peak power,reactive strength index,12s steps,30m,30-50m,100m,RMS value of some muscles during the 1RM squat stage on experimental group is highly significant(P<0.01).Among them,the enhancing effect of reactive strength index and 12s steps on tDCSG is more significant than that of INTG(P<0.05).(2)The enhancing effect of H/Q ratio,the ratio of side muscle of knee with the same name on experimental group is significant(P<0.05).Among them,the enhancing effect of H/Q ratio on tDCSG is more significant than that of INTG(P<0.05).(3)The improvement of muscle circumference of lower limbs(hip circumference,thigh circumference,calf circumference)and peak torque of knee extension in the control group was very significant(P<0.01),and the improvement of H/Q ratio and the ratio of side muscle of knee with the same name was not significant(P>0.05).Based on the above research results,we can draw following conclusions:(1)INT can improve the 100m sprinter’s abilities in terms of maximum strength and explosive force of lower limbs,reactive strength,absolute action frequency,displacement speed and neuro-muscular system recruitment.tDCS has more obvious enhancing effect on reactive strength and absolute action frequency.It can also effectively improve the synergistic effect of knee flexors and extensors,make the strength of ipsilateral antagonistic muscle and the side muscle of knee with the same name more balanced,as well as reducing the probability of sports injuries.(2)Comparing to the group which only receive INT,the group that receive INT and tDCS can promote reactive strength,absolute action frequency and H/Q ratio obviously.(3)Although traditional training can effectively improve the lower limb muscle circumference and knee extension strength of 100m sprinters,it cannot effectively solve the problem of muscle imbalance of lower limb antagonistic muscles.(4)Compared with the traditional training of "Muscle fiber thickening",the integrative neuromuscular training of "Developing the ability of nerve recruitment"has higher training benefit. |
