| Strength training(or resistance training)is widely used for enhancing performance and fitness.However,the mechanics of how different strength training programs resulting in different skeletal muscle adaptions is unclear.Our study examined the concentrations of different serum amino acids after different strength training periods by metabonomics to display the result of how amino acids and its metabolic changed through periods and tried to find out the mechanics behind different kinds of strength training as well as offered suggestions for strength training practice.Method:A group of high-level young male football players experienced 12 weeks’ strength training which consists of 3 different strength training periods(Maximum strength training,single explosive training and explosive endurance training in order and each period lasted 4 weeks).Blood sample and 1RM results were collected before and after each strength training period.Then the blood sample were used to examine the concentrations of serum amino acids by metabonomics.Results:(1)The maximal muscle strength and power significantly elevated after maximum strength training period and increased again after explosive training period and maintained after strength training periods;(2)There were 33 kinds of amino acids examined in our study.L-hydroxyproline level decreased significantly after maximum strength training and explosive endurance training period comparing with baseline;(3)After single explosive training,glutamic acid level decreased while tyrosine increased significantly comparing with baseline;(4)Leucine level was only found declined after maximum strength training period;(5)Ornithine,serine,aspartic acid,taurine and β-alanine level significantly decreased after either single explosive or explosive endurance training period compared with basic level;(6)Lysine level significantly elevated after explosive endurance training period.Conclusions:(1)During the whole training program,the decreased degradation of connective tissues was suggested by the continuously decreasing of L-hydroxyproline level during whole training program,while the BCAA level did not change significantly;(2)At the beginning of strength training program,the lysine level was significantly decreased,which indicates the enhancement of anabolic metabolism of skeletal muscle;(3)Glutamic acid,a neurotransmitter,was found increased only after single explosive training period,may reflect a more utilization by nervous system.(4)Explosive endurance training with lighter load and more repetitions could significantly lower the serum concentrations of aspartic acid,β-alanine and taurine,which were involved in gluconeogenesis,anti-oxidation and regulation of calcium ion,may be the underlying mechanism of how explosive endurance training enhance muscle endurance.Suggestions:(1)Considering of high-level young male football athletes,extra BCAA intake is not needed during strength training;(2)An extra intake of lysine during maximum strength training period may facilitate the maximal strength during maximum strength training period;(3)A proper extra intake of glutamic acid is suggested to benefit contraction speed of muscle;(4)To enhance muscle endurance,aspartic acid,β-alanine and taurine were suggested to be extra consumed in a proper dose during explosive endurance training period. |
