Research On The Global Justice Theory Of Nussbaum

With the rapid development of market economy and science,the tide of globalization continues to sweep all countries.Although the development of global politics,economy and culture grows rapidly,global poverty and inequality are also accelerating,increasingly becoming a justice issue that needs to be addressed urgently.The question of whether this requires countries to work together and whether developed countries need to take on more responsibilities was first thought by Rawls and then by nationalists and cosmopolitans.The former believe that justice and equality are limited to our own citizens,and that we have only a humanitarian duty to aid poverty abroad;The latter thinks that the aid to foreign countries also belongs to the scope of the obligation of justice,but its theory is often oversimplified and idealized.Both sides have differences and common ground,but both seek to protect human rights and safeguard basic human dignity.On the other hand,Nussbaum’s global justice theory starts from criticizing Rawls’ s theory of justice,carries on the critical inheritance of his theory,and then establishes a new approach of competence and global justice view covering the field of political philosophy by criticizing and developing Aristotle’s concept of human and Sen’s theory of capabilities.The Capacities Approach is embodied in the list of ten core competencies of minimum justice,which lays the theoretical foundation for the concept of global justice,and supplements the consensus of rights to push the Capacities Approach to the world,forming a theory of global justice that transcends the battle between internationalism and cosmopolitanism.Nussbaum’s theory of global justice advocates the equality of capabilities and sets the minimum equality threshold to define an acceptable limit for the substantial inequality among countries.In politics and culture,she stresses the importance of national sovereignty,political liberalism and cultural pluralism.To achieve global justice,she advocates the existence of a decent but non-coercive institutional structure to distribute the world’s responsibilities.In addition,she hopes that Capacities Approach will cross countries’ borders,becoming the "overlapping consensus" around the world.Nussbaum put forward her insightful views on Rawls’ s global justice theory,provided a unique new perspective,and enriched the development of contemporary political philosophy.However,her global justice theory also faces some shortcomings of its external challenges.Firstly,the philosophical basis of Nussbaum’s global justice theory relies too much on intuitionism.The second is the fuzziness of her ability path,which is reflected in the ambiguity of the core concept and the ambiguity of the ability boundary in her ability path theory.Therefore,Nussbaum’s theory of global justice should be treated dialectically.