Research On The Influence Of Trade Union Participation On The Education And Work Matching Of Migrant Workers

China’s urbanization is developing towards a new type of urbanization with people at the core.With the disappearance of the demographic dividend,improving the efficiency of the labor market and promoting the effective allocation of labor resources are the key to further highquality economic and social development.Migrant workers,as an important force in the labor force,although their educational level has been continuously improving in recent years,due to the lack of necessary information resources and social capital,they have long been in a state of education and work mismatch in the labor market.Over time,this will not only affect the effective utilization of labor resources,but also have a negative impact on building an equal and coordinated urban-rural relationship.Trade unions,as organizational social capital,are almost the only organizational resource for migrant workers to extend social relationships and expand social integration.Therefore,it is of great significance to clarify the impact of trade unions on the employment of migrant workers and explore how to make trade unions more effective in playing a role in migrant workers.Unlike previous studies that have focused on examining the impact of education and work mismatch on migrant workers,this paper attempts to alleviate the phenomenon of education and work mismatch among migrant workers and incorporates the organizational functions of trade unions into the research framework,hoping to provide theoretical reference for trade unions to better assist migrant workers.This paper analyzes and interprets the current situation of migrant workers’ participation in labor unions,and based on the China Family Tracking Survey(CFPS)data from 2016 to 2020,divides migrant workers into professions based on industry division.90 specific positions are constructed,and the actual matching method is used to calculate the education level required for each position,obtaining the education and work matching situation of migrant workers,And sort out the current situation of education and work matching among different groups of migrant workers;Based on theoretical foundations and practical situations,conduct a theoretical analysis of the impact and mechanism of trade union participation on the education and work matching of migrant workers;Logit model is used to empirically test the impact of trade union participation on migrant workers’ education and work matching,and endogenous test,robustness test and heterogeneity analysis are carried out;Using the mesomeric effect model to test the impact mechanism;Based on this,policy recommendations have been put forward from multiple perspectives,such as guiding migrant workers to join trade unions and effectively improving their public service capabilities.The main research conclusions of this paper are as follows: Firstly,the statistical results show that there are significant differences in the formation of trade unions among different regions.The number of migrant workers joining the union has been increasing year by year,but the growth rate is not stable.The establishment of various institutions by trade unions provides a good platform for the employment of migrant workers;There is a gap in individual characteristics and labor rights between migrant workers who participate in trade unions and those who do not;The actual matching results indicate that in the labor market,the phenomenon of insufficient and excessive education for migrant workers coexists,and there is asymmetry between the two,and different characteristics appear among different groups of migrant workers.Secondly,trade union participation has a significant positive impact on the education and work matching of migrant workers,and a significant negative impact on the excessive education of migrant workers.This conclusion has passed the endogenous test and a series of robustness tests.Although participating in trade unions cannot directly improve the educational level of migrant workers and has a significant impact on educational deficiencies in statistics,it can alleviate the educational deficiencies of migrant workers by promoting their participation in non academic education and skill training,obtaining technical certificates,and using the improvement of their technical level to make up for their educational deficiencies.Once again,the heterogeneity analysis based on gender,intergenerational,educational background,and inflow regions shows that trade union participation plays a greater role in promoting the education and work matching between female migrant workers,new generation migrant workers,high educated migrant workers,and migrant workers in the eastern region.At the same time,it can also alleviate the problem of excessive education among female migrant workers,older generation migrant workers,highly educated migrant workers,and migrant workers in the central and eastern regions.Finally,trade union participation helps migrant workers expand their social capital,thereby promoting their education work matching,and alleviating the problem of excessive education among migrant workers.