Research On The Impact Of Population Aging On Social Insurance Expenditure

With the increasingly severe situation of population aging,the social and economic development is facing certain pressure,and the problems of social development and economic optimization need to be solved urgently.As an important topic of social concern,how to solve the negative impact of aging on social development is a practical problem faced by all regions in China.There is a certain gap in the level of economic development in China,which makes the aging population show different directions on social insurance expenditure.Social insurance expenditure is crucial,occupying the vast majority of social security expenditure.Social insurance effectively guarantees people’s difficulties in old-age care,medical care,industrial injury,unemployment and childbirth,and bears a certain amount of living expenses for residents.Social insurance is implemented through the national compulsory force,which activates all kinds of social resources while ensuring the special use of funds,so as to improve the level of public services and improve residents’ life satisfaction.This paper first introduces the research background and significance of population aging and social insurance expenditure,and at the same time,develops the review of relevant literature and works at home and abroad,which leads to the research methods of this paper,and describes the innovations and shortcomings.Then,the paper expounds the concepts of population aging,social insurance expenditure and financial expenditure,as well as the four theoretical bases used in the paper,and summarizes the characteristics and the causes of the problems in the development process of aging in China.Secondly,this paper expounds the relationship and action mechanism between population aging and the level and structure of social insurance expenditure respectively,which provides the corresponding theoretical basis for the study of the influence of population aging on social insurance expenditure.Empirical part of the main validation population aging on social insurance spending level and the role of the structure effect,this paper selected 2006-2020,31 provinces,autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the provincial panel data,build reflect the national and the regions(eastern,central,western and northeast)aging population impact on the social insurance spending panel model,explore the effect of the interaction.Finally,in view of the possible endogeneity problems within the model,the systematic GMM method is uniformly adopted to conduct the robustness test.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)population aging has a significant positive impact on the level of social insurance expenditure and there are regional differences;population aging has a significant impact on the social insurance expenditure level in central and northeast China with weak economic foundation and slow development speed,and no significant impact on the western region.(2)At the national level,the aging of a population has a significant positive correlation on the level of endowment insurance expenditure,and there are also regional differences.Population aging has a significant impact on the level of endowment insurance expenditure in western China,but has no significant impact on other regions.Finally,according to the above research results,some suggestions are made to help solve the problem of aging population and insufficient social insurance expenditure,which is conducive to improving our social insurance system and promoting regional economic development.First,we should actively respond to a more relaxed birth policy,increase the birth rate,release the demographic dividend,and slow down the trend of population aging.Second,vigorously promote the active aging strategy,strengthen publicity and education,encourage workers to actively participate in the insurance,cultivate the "silver hair" industry,ensure the healthy life of the elderly population,so that the elderly are supported and supported.Third,we should increase the proportion of social insurance expenditure in government expenditure,increase government input,and foster the "three pillars" of social security system to ensure the basic living conditions of the elderly population.Fourth,improve the internal structure of social insurance expenditure,reduce the adverse effects of population aging and the imbalance of social insurance expenditure structure on economic development,get rid of the phenomenon of "raising lazy people",and prevent the security trap of people’s over-reliance on it.