| Public services play a fundamental role in meeting people’s needs for a better life.As an important part of public sports services,they must constantly meet people’s needs.With the rise of national fitness as a national strategy in 2014,the supply of national fitness public services has become one of the important topics in the field of sports public services.Entering the period of the14 th Five-Year Plan,the construction of a higher level of national fitness public service system has become an important task at present.Sports park,as a typical place for the composite utilization of urban land,has become an important starting point to expand urban sports space in the future due to the contradiction between the extreme scarcity of urban land and the difficulty of residents’ fitness.However,the current national fitness public service supply system for sports parks is still in the exploratory stage,and has not yet formed a mature and effective model,which is still difficult to meet the needs of the public for fitness.This study takes the public service supply of national fitness for sports parks in Shanghai as the research object,adopts the research methods of literature,field survey,questionnaire survey and interview,and takes the theory of new public management,public goods theory and multi-center governance theory as the theoretical basis,trying to construct the overall mechanism of the public service supply of national fitness for sports parks.Aiming at the main supply objects,taking M sports Park,S Sports Park and X Sports Park as the representatives of three large-scale sports parks in Shanghai,this paper investigates the supply of public fitness services for all in Shanghai sports Park,and analyzes the problems existing in the current supply by combining with the evaluation of residents’ importance-satisfaction.Based on the general situation of sports public service supply in foreign sports parks,this paper explores the useful experience for reference in various countries,and puts forward targeted suggestions on the supply of public service for national fitness in sports parks in Shanghai.The results are as follows:(1)The supply of national fitness public services in sports parks has formed a supply mechanism composed of the supply subject,the supply object,the supply mode and the supply operation mode.The main body of supply includes the government,the market and the society.The supply objects include sports facilities,sports fitness guidance,sports events and sports culture communication;The supply mode includes administrative supply mode,market supply mode,public welfare supply mode and mixed supply mode.The operation mode of supply includes demand expression mechanism,supply decision-making mechanism,supply financing mechanism,supply supervision mechanism,supply incentive mechanism and supply evaluation mechanism.The five aspects together constitute the national fitness public service supply system of sports park.(2)The types of sports facilities in Shanghai Sports Park have been basically improved,but there are still shortcomings in the quantity;Sports and fitness guidance is still relatively scarce,most sports parks have failed to provide sports and fitness guidance services;Various sports events have formed a system of sports events dominated by various large and small ball events and fun and leisure activities.However,the frequency of sports events is not high and the influence needs to be improved.The supply of sports information is still dominated by traditional media,and the application of new media needs to be further improved.Physical monitoring service supply is less,which is also the future development focus of sports park;Sports culture communication has not been paid enough attention,the supply is small,the way is single.(3)The public’s overall evaluation of the public service supply of national fitness in Shanghai sports parks has not reached a satisfactory level.In the supply of various services,the satisfaction of the public on the supply of sports facilities is the highest,and the satisfaction on the supply of physical monitoring services is the lowest.In the future,service supply should be further improved on the basis of maintaining the current supply of sports facilities.At the same time,active services such as sports fitness guidance and physical fitness monitoring services should be focused on and improved,such as regular provision of social sports instructors and the establishment of physical health monitoring stations.(4)The development of foreign sports parks has a long history,originated in ancient Greece and developed in the 20 th century.In recent years,it has been continuously improved.The overall characteristics are as follows: ensuring the planning and construction of sports parks with policies,exploring the supply sources of sports parks through multiple ways,constantly enriching the public sports service facilities of sports parks,and introducing multiple subjects to participate in the operation of sports parks.Based on the development experience of foreign countries,the paper draws enlightenment: improve the construction standards of sports parks,innovate the construction methods of sports parks,encourage social forces to actively participate in the construction of sports parks,focus on the needs of the masses,increase the investment in the maintenance of sports parks.(5)Based on the concept of multi-center governance,the optimization strategy of the public service supply system for national fitness in Shanghai Sports Park is proposed.The service supply mechanism should be optimized to realize the diversification of the supply subject,the equalization of the supply object,the integration of the supply mode and the further optimization of the supply operation mode.Guided by the needs of the people,we should improve public fitness services for all in sports parks,expand the types and quantities of sports facilities,increase the supply of social sports instructors,establish a regular mechanism for events and activities,build a smart sports information release platform,establish regular physical monitoring points,and strengthen the function of sports culture communication.So as to accelerate the realization of national fitness strategic goals. |
