On The Evolutionary Logic Of Marx’s Thought On The Nature Of Man

From "self-consciousness" to "humanism" and finally to "total social relations",this is the evolutionary logic of Marx’s idea of human nature.This process is realized in self-denial,and is therefore a dialectical process in itself.In dissolving one-sided social relations,Marx achieves a comprehensive appropriation of social relations by human beings.The "sum of social relations" is open to all and open to the future,so Marx’s idea of the essence of man is the self-manifestation of the dialectic.During his university years,Marx underwent a transition from Kantian Fichte’s philosophy to Hegelian philosophy.In the process of studying Kant’s philosophy,the contradiction between "what should be" and "what is" emerged,and Hegel placed the essence of man in the objective spirit rather than in the inner subjectivity.So Marx turned his attention to Hegelian philosophy.The Young Hegelians used selfconsciousness as a weapon of criticism in their attempt to change social reality.In the Doctoral Thesis,Marx argues that the essence of man is expressed in self-consciousness,emphasizing the dynamic role of self-consciousness on the real world,highlighting Marx’s concern for the reality and social nature of man.During the Rheinische Zeitung period,Marx really turned to social practice.The contradiction between the principle of rational freedom of Hegel’s philosophy and the material interests of reality was an important opportunity for the transformation of Marx’s thought on the nature of man,and under the inspiration of Feuerbach’s humanism,he realized the transformation to materialism,and completely delimited himself from Hegel’s idealistic philosophy.Feuerbach replaced Hegel’s state with the "class" essence of man,which became the "class" essence from man himself.Through his critique of Hegel’s philosophy of law and his criticism of religion and the political state,Marx concluded that political emancipation is not complete emancipation,and that the realization of human emancipation is the true goal of Marx’s idea of the nature of man.As the main force of human emancipation,the proletariat,as the main force of human emancipation,can only realize the return of the essence of human "class" and the transformation from the concept of subject to "real human being" by completely abolishing private ownership and the root of alienation.Marx found that people in real life are not "abstract people" surrounded by "class" essence,but "real people" in social relations,so Marx realized Therefore,Marx realized the transformation from the essence of human "class" to the essence of social relations.Marx explored the "real person" in social relations from a practical point of view.The essence of man is the "sum of social relations",man is the existence of social relations,his material production activities generate social relations,and social relations reflect the reality of man.The "sum of social relations" does not mean the simple addition of all the elements,but the comprehensive development of the "sum of social relations".The "sum of social relations",i.e.,the comprehensive social relations,is the opening of the future society,where man exists as an infinite possibility.The true realization of the essence of man and his full possession of social relations cannot be achieved without the formation of a community,and Marx believed that a "true community" is a community that can realize the essence of man.Secondly,the realization of human essence cannot be achieved without the development of productive forces,which can enrich human potential and create a comprehensive and rich relationship between human beings and the world of objects.At the same time,Marx believed that only when the purposeful relationship between man and man is fully formed,the essence of man can be realized.By exploring the logic of the evolution of Marx’s thought on the nature of man,we will deeply explore the theoretical content of Marx’s thought on the nature of man and obtain the theoretical and practical significance in Marx’s thought on the nature of man.As human society continues to develop,the search for the essence of man must be a never-ending and never-ending process.