Research On Nepal’s Balanced Foreign Policy

Nepal is a mountainous country at the southern foot of the the Himalayas,with only two neighboring countries,China and India.Due to the reality of national strength,Nepal has to implement a relatively balanced foreign policy between China and India.With the continuous improvement of China’s comprehensive national strength,China’s influence has gradually increased in South Asia.India has inherited the British thought and heritage in South Asia since its independence,so it is wary and exclusive of China’s rising influence in South Asia,which leads to a strategic competition between China and India in South Asia.With China’s "the Belt and Road" initiative and Nepal’s positive response,India is increasingly worried about China’s influence in South Asia,and has also enhanced aid to Nepal to hedge China’s influence.Under the situation of Sino-Indian competition,what Nepal can do is to maintain friendly relations with its two major neighbors as far as possible,to achieve impartiality and balance the development of various relations with China and India,and to promote its economic and social development.By sorting out Nepal’s foreign policy towards China and India since King Mahendra of Nepal’s accession to the throne,we can find that Nepal has adopted a foreign policy to maintain a balance between China and India,and the "balance" is increasingly strengthened.Therefore,the article starts from the perspective of "balanced diplomacy" and analyzes the specific performance of Nepal’s foreign policy towards China and India through the inherent attribute of "Maximizing national interests" contained in this foreign policy.Since the accession of King Mahendra,Nepal has gradually changed its overall dependence on India,strengthened its ties with New China and established diplomatic relations with the People’s Republic of China,and truly began to practice a balanced foreign policy.Influenced by factors from India,China,the United States,and Nepal,Nepal’s balanced foreign policy has gone through four stages: the exploration stage(1955-1990),the establishment stage(1991-2007),the consolidation stage(2008-2013),and the improvement stage(2013-present).In the process of implementing this foreign policy,Nepal has been maintaining a balance of foreign policy between China and India,maintaining contact with Western countries such as the United States,and actively participating in international organizations such as the United Nations to diversify its diplomacy.However,this foreign policy also faces challenges from India’s foreign policy towards Nepal,the United States’ Indo Pacific strategy,and Nepal’s domestic politics.Therefore,under the principle of "Maximizing national interests",Nepal should continue to maintain balance between China and India,moderately develop diplomatic relations with countries such as the United States,and actively expand its international communication channels.Through these implementation strategies,Nepal can more effectively implement a balanced foreign policy.By studying Nepal’s balanced foreign policy,it is beneficial to further deepen our understanding of international politics;beneficial to enhancing understanding of Nepal’s balanced foreign policy;it is conducive to deepening the understanding of China-Nepal and Nepal-India relations.At the same time,it also has certain reference significance for the long-term development of China-Nepal relations.