Research On The Accountability System For Surveillance In Public Health Emergencies

In 2018,the Supervision Law was promulgated,providing for "accountability" in Articles 6,11 and 45,giving the supervisory authorities the power of accountability and creating a new system of supervisory accountability.2021 saw the promulgation of the Regulations on the Implementation of the Supervision Law,further improving the system of supervisory accountability.The supervisory accountability system is aimed at leading cadres who have failed to perform their duties and whose negligence has caused serious damage.However,the following problems have been revealed in the process of accountability for public health emergencies: the generalisation of the targets of accountability,the ambiguity of the elements of accountability and the imperfection of accountability procedures.The reasons for these problems are that the supervisory authorities have not fully considered the characteristics of public health emergencies,the imperfect laws and regulations on supervisory accountability for public health emergencies,the ambiguity of the elements of supervisory accountability and the inadequacy of the supporting system.To clarify the targets of public health emergency monitoring and accountability,firstly,the status of monitoring and accountability should be raised and an expert participation system should be introduced to enhance the professionalism of accountability;secondly,the targets of public health emergency monitoring and accountability should be distinguished from similar concepts and the attribution of responsibility should be clarified;finally,the scope of the targets of monitoring and accountability should be monitored from both internal and external aspects to prevent the generalization of accountability.To grasp the circumstances of public health emergency monitoring and accountability,it is necessary to start with the four elements of accountability,damage,causality and subjective fault,and to combine the characteristics of public health emergencies and the specific circumstances of accountability to improve the accuracy of accountability.The procedure for initiating accountability in public health emergencies requires the improvement of the system of citizen participation,and the remedial procedure requires the improvement of the system of fault tolerance and error correction.In the process of accountability,the supervisory authorities should effectively guarantee the right to redress of the subject of accountability and consider the introduction of external judicial redress after internal redress has been exhausted.