Legal Guarantee Of Local Financial Autonomy In China

"Finance is the mother of common government".Today’s social development and progress are inseparable from a complete financial legal system.Since 1994,the relationship between the central government and the local government has been adjusted on a large scale,and the overall fiscal expenditure has been gradually enlarged.However,in recent years,a series of major fiscal expenditure measures such as epidemic prevention and control,"double reduction policy for education" and vaccine injection have increased local fiscal pressure,and some local governments are forced to seek external help.The rising speed of fiscal revenue is far less than that of fiscal expenditure,which brings great pressure to local finance.In the context of decentralization reform in the new era,local financial autonomy,as an important part of decentralization in the financial field,whether horizontal or vertical,needs to be carried out in an orderly manner within the framework of the rule of law.Of course,as a centralized theme,this paper only discusses the general problems of the vertical fiscal relationship between the central and local governments,and special administrative regions and ethnic autonomous regions are not included in the scope of this paper.In this regard,it is necessary to take the legal guarantee of local financial autonomy as the starting point.By integrating the development process of China’s local financial authority and relevant basic theories,it can be analyzed that there are some problems in the construction of China’s local financial autonomy,such as the conflict between centralization and decentralization,the unreasonable structure of local financial autonomy,the unreasonable distribution of financial revenue,and the unclear powers and expenditure responsibilities of local governments.In view of the current problems of local financial autonomy in China,combined with comparative law research and drawing lessons from the construction of local financial autonomy in the United States and Japan,we can promote the construction of regional public and legal persons,clarify the boundary of local financial autonomy,and improve the ways of matching administrative power with expenditure responsibility,so as to better build China’s financial system.