Research On The Implementation Of Day-Service Policy For Mentally Retarded Persons

At present,our country mainly provides basic protection for people with intellectual disabilities through social assistance.However,some problems,such as high poverty possibility,difficulty in social integration and low security treatment,still plague the mentally retarded.The appearance of foster care service has met these complex needs of people with intellectual disabilities to a certain extent.With the introduction of a number of five-year plans to guide the development of social security system in the State Council,the central government has put forward new requirements for foster care services,such as connecting the aged care services,promoting the uniform development of urban and rural services,and expanding the scope of target groups.At this time,Shanghai,as the birthplace of the"Sunshine Home" model,has always responded positively to the call of the state,and optimizing the implementation of the foster care policy is the proper meaning of the title.Naturally,the foster care service has exposed many problems in the process.Under this background,this study selected five "Sunshine Houses" in P District of Shanghai as the research sites,and obtained credible writing materials through field observation and interviews.With these materials as the support,the author borrowed the framework and elements of the comprehensive model of policy implementation,and formed the thinking of problem description-cause analysis-suggestions,focusing on the dilemma of the implementation of the foster care policy,the causes of the dilemma of the implementation of the foster care policy and the corresponding optimization path.According to the analysis of the current situation of the implementation of the foster care policy,this study found that there are three advantages in the implementation of the foster care policy,namely,actively searching for families with mental retardation who meet the requirements,encouraging the executors to provide "humanized" services and actively participating in the implementation of the foster care policy by multiple social forces.theseThrough further sorting out and analyzing the materials,this study found that the difficulties in the implementation of the foster care policy include the mismatch between supply and demand,the inconsistency between the policy objectives and the interests of the main body,and the low conversion rate of social responsibility to supportive actions.The reasons for this series of difficulties are the lack of flexibility in the implementation process,the lack of inspection standards for the realization of goals,the difficulty in reaching a consensus among the parties involved in policy implementation,the inversion of responsibilities between the government and the Disabled Persons’ Federation,the alternative care services,the orientation of institutional operation,the low friendly environment and the concept of family welfare for the mentally handicapped.Based on the analysis of the implementation dilemma and the causes of the dilemma,this study puts forward four paths:balancing the flexibility and accuracy of the design of the foster care policy for the mentally retarded,clarifying the rights and responsibilities of the parties involved in the foster care policy,improving the support system of the foster care service for the mentally retarded,and building a good operating environment for the foster care policy for the mentally retarded.