Fieldwork And Research On The Social Integration Of Secondary Relocation Immigrants In Tong’an Yuan

Since the reform and opening up,in order to promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas,solve the problem of absolute poverty,and improve the production and living conditions of the people in poor areas,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region has launched a series of relocation and resettlement projects since the 80s of the 20th century.Tong’anyuan community is located in Xixia District,Yinchuan City,Ningxia,where a group of immigrants who have undergone two relocation processes.The first relocation occurred in the 80s of the 20th century,when Ningxia began to implement the hanging village immigration policy,and a group of villagers living in Jingyuan County,Guyuan City,Ningxia City,were relocated to Waterfall Village,Xingjing Town,Xixia District,Yinchuan City;In 2011,the area where the village was located was included in the development land of the Yinchuan High-tech Industrial Park,and the villagers moved from the village to the Tong’anyuan community,which was the second relocation they experienced.This relocation has led them to move from rural communities to urban communities,and their production and lifestyle,family structure,social networks,psychological adaptation and other aspects have undergone tremendous changes.This paper focuses on this group of immigrants who have undergone two relocations,and after experiencing the transformation of living space,what changes will they experience in terms of employment style,living environment,interpersonal communication,and identity?Can they integrate into the urban community they are moving into?These questions are the focus of this study.Taking the Tong’anyuan community of Yinchuan City as the fieldwork point,taking the immigrants who have undergone secondary relocation as the main investigation objects,this paper uses the method of ethnological fieldwork to explore the social integration of immigrant groups from three dimensions:economic integration,social life integration,and cultural and psychological integration.This paper finds that in terms of economic integration,their employment methods and employment fields show a trend of diversification,and their income sources are diverse and their income has increased,but there are also some problems,such as most people are mainly engaged in manual work,high homogeneity in the employment field,increased living consumption expenditure,and the employment of female immigrants is not optimistic.In terms of social life integration,after they enter the urban community,the living pattern and living environment have been effectively improved,in general,their integration into urban life is high,cultural and recreational activities are diverse but the overall participation is not high,some people have the situation of "household separation",the change of centralized placement mode and living form leads to the characteristics of "introversion" in the interaction of immigrant groups,and their communication with local residents is not good;In terms of cultural and psychological integration,they have changed their ideas and concepts,but this change will continue for a long time,most of them do not have a high degree of identification with civic identity,it is worth noting that many of them are in a relatively vague and confused state of self-identity.This paper argues that effective ways to promote their accelerated integration into urban communities should be found from three aspects:policy support,community governance,and individual subjects.