Study On The Process And Mechanism Of Rural Reconstruction Driven By Urbanization

As 2021 is the opening year of the 14 th “Five-Year Plan”,all regions are facing the important task of comprehensively promoting new urbanization,rural revitalization and agricultural and rural modernization,and it is urgent to promote urbanization with counties as important carriers,eliminate institutional mechanisms that hinder the flow of urban and rural factors,and accelerate the process of urban-rural integration.Located in the Yangtze River Delta region,Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces are not only one of the most economically developed regions with the highest urbanization rate in China,but also the model regions with the highest level of rural development and the closest to common prosperity in China.Therefore,studying the process and driving mechanism of urbanizationdriven rural reconstruction in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces fits the development theme of the times and is of great practical significance to help promote rural revitalization in the central and western regions.Based on urbanization theory,urban-rural relationship theory,human-industry-land theory and rural territorial system theory,this study uses county social and economic data of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces from 2011-2019 and geographic remote sensing data such as night lighting and land use to construct a metric of urbanization level and The spatial and temporal evolution patterns of population,industry,land urbanization and rural economic,social and spatial reconfiguration in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces during 2011-2019 are explored;the influence process of rural reconfiguration driven by population,industry and land urbanization and their interaction is detected by using geographic probes;the two-way fixed-effect model is used to analyze the causal effects of urbanization on rural economic,social and spatial reconfiguration.The causal effects,heterogeneity and mechanism paths of urbanization on rural economic,social and spatial reconfiguration were analyzed using a two-way fixed-effect model.The study finds that:(1)population urbanization and land urbanization levels in Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions are increasing as a whole,and internal differences are decreasing steadily,while industrial urbanization levels are fluctuating,and internal differences are fluctuating and decreasing;population urbanization levels in counties are negatively correlated with geographical distance from municipal districts,and industrial urbanization levels show a decreasing trend along the Yangtze River towards the north-south ladder,while land urbanization levels are higher in flat areas.The level of land urbanization is higher in flat areas;the coordination of population-land-industry urbanization coupling is improving,and the orderly transformation is gradually realized.(2)The intensity of rural reconfiguration as a whole shows a slow decreasing trend,with economic reconfiguration in the lead,social reconfiguration in the second place,and finally spatial reconfiguration;economic reconfiguration is more stable internally,while social reconfiguration and spatial reconfiguration differ more internally;the coordination degree of economic-social-spatial reconfiguration coupling decreases slowly,and most counties show The intensity of rural reconfiguration does not converge in most of the counties,indicating that the development of rural areas may diverge in the future.(3)Factor detection reveals that industrial urbanization is the dominant force driving rural reconstruction,which is closely related to the growing township enterprises and private economy in Jiangsu and Zhejiang,while population urbanization and land urbanization have alternately driven rural reconstruction in each period;interaction detection reveals that the interaction of urbanization enhances the driving force of rural reconstruction,and the interaction of industry,population,and land urbanization remains The interaction between industry,population and land urbanization is still the main force of rural reconstruction.(4)Urbanization significantly increases the intensity of rural reconfiguration,economic reconfiguration and spatial reconfiguration,while there is an "inverted Ushaped" nonlinear effect on social reconfiguration,which remains robust after replacing variables,changing measures and controlling for province-year effects.The heterogeneity of the effects by type and by period stage reveals that the driving effects are more significant in counties than in countylevel cities,in Zhejiang Province than in Jiangsu Province,and after 2014 than before.(5)Mechanism analysis finds that population-industry-land urbanization drives rural reconfiguration with different paths.Comprehensive urbanization drives rural reconstruction by promoting the nonagriculturalization of employment structure,population urbanization drives rural reconstruction by improving people’s living standards through the "inverted U-shaped" impact on the urban-rural gap,industrial urbanization drives rural reconstruction by promoting industrial transformation and upgrading to modernize agriculture,capitalizing industrial enterprises’ technological choices,and enhancing industrial outward orientation.The coordinated promotion of land urbanization promotes rural reconstruction by reducing the price distortion of land market,improving the efficiency of land use and enhancing the level of public services.In view of the above research results,the following countermeasures are proposed: the eastern region should vigorously improve the quality of regional urbanization development,accelerate the construction of new rural areas with the goal of "richer,stronger and more beautiful",adjust the industrial structure of rural areas at the right time,promote the process of citizenship of the working population,and reasonably control the scale of towns;the western region should continue to accelerate the pace of urbanization,strengthen the interconnection between The western region will continue to accelerate the pace of urbanization,strengthen inter-city interconnection,continue to revitalize dormant resources in the countryside,reasonably develop rural land resources,prevent the urban-rural gap from widening in the early stage of population urbanization,and reasonably plan the rural land use pattern.