Re-employment Of China’s Urban And Rural Elderly From The Perspective Of Regional Marketization Process Differences

After entering the new century,China has officially entered the ranks of aging countries.China has a large population base,and the strong family planning policy has been implemented for 40 to 50 years,which makes my country’s aging have the characteristics of artificial acceleration.A major measure to address a series of challenges posed by an aging population is to promote the reemployment of the elderly.With the prolongation of the average life expectancy of the population and the improvement of physical fitness in my country,a large part of the elderly who have reached the legal retirement age still retain the physical conditions and willingness to continue working.To solve the problem of reemployment of the elderly,it is necessary not only to consider the supply-side factors of the labor market,such as the health status of the elderly,but also to consider the demand-side factors of the labor market.Although the construction of my country’s market economy system has been continuously improved,there are still large differences in the process of marketization in various regions.The speed of marketization in a region means that whether it can realize the value of its old-age labor force depends on the degree of marketization in the region.Therefore,it is of great significance to explore the reemployment of the urban and rural elderly under the differences of regional marketization.This paper uses the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data to construct a Probit regression model for empirical analysis,as well as for heterogeneity and robustness tests.Health status,personal debt,personal assets,marital status,spouse’s retirement status,education level,whether there is medical insurance,regional marketization process and pension amount to study the impact on the reemployment of urban and rural elderly.The empirical results show that the marketization process has a significant positive impact on the participation of the urban and rural elderly in reemployment;compared with the rural areas in the same province,the marketization process in urban areas.The impact on the elderly’s participation in re-employment is greater;the pensions received by the elderly have no significant impact on the elderly’s employment;the younger-aged elderly in the same area are more likely to participate in re-employment;the advancement of the marketization process is conducive to reducing the suicide of the elderly in urban and rural areas Rate.Finally,this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions based on the empirical analysis results.Including first,steadily and continuously speed up the process of regional marketization;second,optimize the employment environment for the elderly in rural areas,and vigorously promote the pride of the elderly in "old age";third,optimize the level of pension benefits,expand its reach.Fourth,actively improve the health of the elderly.