A Practical Study On The "Sculpting" Of Peasants’ Political Identity During Land System Reform(1949—1954)

The land system reform movement is to confiscate the land of landlords,completely overthrow the landlord class politically and economically,and change the land ownership of feudal landlords into the land ownership of peasants.It is a social reform of the Communist Party of China in order to accomplish the task of the new democratic revolution and solve the land problem of peasants.Jingyuan County land system reform is profound,changed Jingyuan rural social structure and political structure.This is not only to seize state power,but also to transform it,to establish a new,democratic and free social relations conducive to the country’s modernization.Therefore,the sculpting of peasants’ political identity during the land system reform in Jingyuan County was an important part of the profound social change in Jjingyuan countryside in the early days of the founding of New China.During this period,the land system reform task force publicized the party’s basic policy on land system reform,mobilized the majority of farmers to actively participate in the land system reform work,and allocated to farmers the means of production and property.The "land system reform" enabled Jingyuan peasants to obtain the most basic living guarantee,stimulated their political consciousness,strengthened their political identification with the new regime and the new China,and laid the foundation for the political modernization of China’s rural areas.In the process of "land system reform" in Jingyuan County,the peasants’ understanding of Communist Party of China changed from watching,doubting,participating,sustaining and supporting.As a kind of "Cultivating",the political identity of Jingyuan County peasants was closely related to the "rent reduction and interest reduction","suppressing bandits and bullies and suppressing counter-revolution" and "land system reform" carried out by Jingyuan County Party Committee and government.The reduction of rent and interest rate allowed farmers to gain practical benefits,which made initial preparations for the development of land system reform;Suppressing the counter-revolution relieved the peasants’ fear and apprehension,which laid a solid political and mass foundation for the smooth development of the land system reform.Afterwards,large-scale land system reform was carried out in Jingyuan county.In particular,the land system reform team not only talked with farmers through field investigation and visits,but also understood farmers’ ideas and concerns,so that farmers could understand the party’s ideas,policies and propositions,and farmers’ ideas began to change.The land system reform team also publicized the Party and the Party’s policies to the peasants by painting slogans and Shouting slogans,organized meetings to instill the party’s political will in the peasants,carried out the efforts of the peasants to complain and "pour out bitter water" to unite the peasants,thus forming a solid fighting fortress,and actively sculpted examples to guide the peasants to fight against the landlords.The land system reform task force also brought the Party’s policies and propositions to the peasant masses by organizing a joint performance,so the peasant masses’ ideas and concepts were further changed.The application of this series of political measures and political technology has greatly changed the peasants’ attitudes,views and understandings of the CPC and its policies,and gradually built up the new political consciousness of the peasants.Thus,the Communist Party of China not only gained the support of the peasants in Jingyuan,but also promoted the further consolidation of the new political power in the countryside of Jingyuan and the further development of the new people’s political power in the countryside of Jingyuan.This paper analyzes and combs the concrete measures and methods adopted by the Party to shape the political identity of farmers in the process of land system reform in Jingyuan County,summarizes its effectiveness and existing "deficiencies",which can provide historical reference for the new rural construction and rural governance and reform in the new era.In particular,based on the summary of historical experience,it plays an important role in promoting rural construction in the new era to guide farmers to set up advanced ideas and strengthen the party’s grassroots organization construction in rural areas through education,and to strengthen the belief that farmers follow the Party.