A Study On The Distribution Of Emergency Supplies At The Early Stage Of Earthquake Based On The Analysis Of Emergency Needs At The Affected Sites

Emergencies have the potential to have a significant detrimental effect on both the safety of individuals and the property of businesses.Earthquakes are the most common form of natural disaster emergency and are responsible for the most evident damage to civilization.China’s unique natural and physical environment contributes to the country’s status as the nation with the highest earthquake occurrence rate in the world.The distribution of emergency supplies and solving the challenge of dispatching them in a timely manner is the single most essential thing that can be done to reduce the number of lives lost in the aftermath of an earthquake.The available emergency supplies are insufficient at the beginning of the earthquake,and it is difficult to receive the precise demands because of the difficulties of information transfer in the disaster region.Among these factors,the availability of emergency supplies is not adequate.The degree of immediacy with which requirements must be met varies from one natural disaster zone to the next.Distribution of emergency supplies during the early stages of an earthquake is made more difficult as a result of the issues listed above.At this early point following the earthquake,one of the most essential questions for the local emergency agencies to examine is how to distribute the few resources that are available to as many disaster locations as possible in a way that is both more efficient and equitable.Therefore,this paper takes the initial stage of earthquake disaster as the background,and makes the following research on the problem of demand analysis and emergency material allocation(1)Sort out the relevant theoretical foundations and establish the research framework of the thesis.Firstly,this paper expounds the related concepts and characteristics of emergency logistics and emergency material distribution,and determines the category of emergency materials studied in this paper;then,according to the characteristics of emergency logistics,the concept of emergency demand analysis of disaster-affected points is proposed,and its content is divided into material demand forecasting and emergency demand analysis.The urgency of disaster-affected points is divided into two parts.Finally,according to the principle of emergency logistics distribution and the characteristics of earthquake disasters,the problem of emergency material distribution under this background is divided into two stages: territorial material distribution and provincial material replenishment.It lays a theoretical foundation for the following research.(2)Analysis of emergency needs of disaster-stricken points.In terms of material demand forecasting,a four-layer BP neural network is established to predict the number of casualties in earthquake disasters,and the linear relationship between population and emergency materials is used to obtain emergency materials needed by disaster-stricken points;An impact evaluation index system based on accurate data is established,and the urgency is graded by the grey relational method improved by adding the entropy weight method.(3)Two-stage research on the distribution of emergency supplies.In the territorial material distribution stage,under the influence of factors such as road damage and the level of demand urgency of the disaster site,a multi-material dual-objective secondary distribution model is constructed from the disaster site to the supply point,with the optimal timeliness and fairness.In the stage of material distribution in the province,a multi-material dual-objective three-level distribution model is constructed from the disaster-stricken point to the supply point.The influence of the model;using the improved genetic algorithm with the reversal operation to solve the model,and bringing in an example to obtain a two-stage allocation decision-making scheme,which proves the validity and feasibility of the model.