Research On The Influence Of Old-Age Security On The Willingness Of Chinese Residents To Bear Children

In recent years,as China’s economic and social sustainable development,great changes have taken place in the willingness of residents to breed,according to China statistical yearbook and the seventh time,according to data from the census results show that the fertility rate in the past 20 years,our country is declining,the elderly population aged over 65 than gradually rise,population structure change,society aging degree deepen increasingly.In view of the above situation,China has started to implement measures to relax restrictions on birth policy year by year,from "two children,one child,two children" to "three children policy".At the same time,the pressure of the rapid aging of the population forces China’s social old-age security measures to constantly improve.From the basic pension and medical insurance at the government level,to the general social commercial insurance,to the individual family pension,are increasingly improved.At present,the topic of fertility and old-age care is increasingly concerned by the academic community.In order to understand the role of old-age security in these factors,based on CGSS2006,2010,2012,2013,2015 and 2017 data,this paper screened the age and fertility intention of residents,and adopted logistic regression,Poisson regression and instrumental variable method.Based on the medical insurance and pension insurance for old-age security explained variable,based on the reproductive number and male preference for childbearing willing be explained variable,select the individual,family,society three levels more control variables,the description of each variable is respectively after statistics,the old-age security of our country the influence of residents’ fertility intentions for empirical analysis.It is found that the endowment insurance has a restraining effect on the male birth preference of Chinese residents as a whole,while the effect on the number of births is different between the endowment insurance and medical insurance.In terms of male birth preference,there is a significant negative correlation between endowment insurance and medical insurance.Through statistical calculation,it is found that endowment insurance has a greater influence coefficient,and both results are significant.In terms of the number of births,participating in endowment insurance has a negative impact on the number of births of residents;on the contrary,participating in medical insurance has a positive impact on the number of births of residents,and the statistical results are significant.The results show that the participation of old-age security will reduce people’s preference for boys in childbirth,possibly because the old-age security to some extent impacts people’s traditional concept of "raising children for old age".On the other hand,the effect of endowment security on the number of births of residents may have a counteracting effect.Although endowment insurance and medical insurance are both pension pillars,they play opposite roles,and the mechanism behind this needs to be further explored.The research conclusions of this paper have a certain reference value.To reverse the current situation of the rapid decline in the fertility rate in my country,increase the willingness of residents to bear children,and balance the gender structure of the population,in addition to loosening the restrictions on the fertility policy,other supporting measures should be taken.Pension security is a feasible solution.ideas.The study found that,in terms of the number of births,on the one hand,by improving the security level of medical insurance,people’s willingness to have children can be increased;on the other hand,the pension insurance payment mechanism can be adjusted to reduce the proportion of individual contributions and eliminate the inhibitory effect on the number of births.Regarding the preference for male births,endowment insurance and medical insurance should continue to play a role in balancing the gender structure of the population.Only in this way can it have an impact on the fertility willingness of Chinese residents in line with the needs of social development,and urge residents to make more scientific and reasonable fertility decisions.