Research On The Quality Evaluation And Spatial-temporal Characteristics Of Human Settlements In Beijing

With the rapid advancement of urbanization,while the scale of cities in my country continues to expand,there have also been a series of human settlements problems,such as housing shortages,traffic congestion,and environmental pollution.The development quality of human settlements is not only related to the sustainable development of cities,but also directly affects the quality of life and happiness of citizens.As a super-large city,Beijing has a very prominent contradiction between population,resources and environment.Accelerating the construction of a world-class harmonious and livable city is the main goal of Beijing’s urban development and an objective requirement for the construction of the "Four Centers".Focusing on the reality of Beijing,this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the quality of human settlements in Beijing with 4 subsystems,including economic and social environment,residential environment,ecological environment,infrastructure and public service environment,and a total of 25 specific evaluation indicators.Based on the data from2011 to 2020,the entropy method and the comprehensive index method are used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Beijing’s human settlements,and to analyze the timevarying characteristics of the overall level of Beijing’s human settlements and the development level of each system.The data of four-time sections in 2011,2014,2017 and 2020 were intercepted,and with the help of Arc GIS software and spatial autocorrelation analysis,the spatial differentiation characteristics and agglomeration characteristics of the human settlements environment quality in Beijing were further revealed.Finally,the obstacle degree model is used to diagnose the obstacle factors of the human settlements environment quality index layer and system layer.The research results show that the ecological environment is the most influential factor on the quality of human settlements environment in Beijing,followed by the living environment and the social and economic environment.From 2011 to 2020,the quality of human settlements in Beijing generally showed an upward trend,and the growth rate has slowed down since 2018.Among them,the economic environment has steadily improved,and the living environment,ecological environment,infrastructure and public service environment have shown a fluctuating trend.The spatial and temporal differences in the quality of human settlements in Beijing are still relatively obvious,forming a decreasing pattern with Xicheng and Dongcheng as the core to the surrounding areas.There is a certain positive spatial correlation between the quality of human settlements in Beijing,but the regional correlation needs to be further improved.The factors restricting the quality of human settlements in Beijing gradually changed from social factors to ecological environment factors.At the system level,the degree of ecological environment barriers was always at the highest level,while the barriers to infrastructure and public services were always the lowest.Finally,based on the existing problems of Beijing’s human settlement environment,combined with goals and policies,an optimization strategy is proposed,in order to provide a reference for the high-quality development of Beijing’s human settlement environment in the new era.