Research On The Temporal And Spatial Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Crimes Of Child Abduction In China

The crime of trafficking as one of the three worldwide crime has a long history,mainly infract women and children.After the founding of People’s Republic of China,trafficking crime in 1960s has basically disappeared,the resurgent crime of trafficking showed an increasing trend since 1980s.Compared with women,children are more vulnerable,the impact is more far-reaching.The current research on the crime of trafficking are mostly concentrated in the field of science of law and society,the research methods are qualitative analysis.The process of trafficking crime contains turning in,transferring,turning out and so on,due to restrictions on data acquisition,study on the crime of trafficking in our country from the perspective of space is still in the exploratory stage.Based on records of child trafficking crime from the public platform with the aid of the theory and methods of criminal geography,the paper analysis the demographic characteristics,temporal characteristics,Spatial distribution difference and evolution,the cause and influence mechanism of crime and so on,discuss the countermeasures to prevent the crime of trafficking based on the above analysis.This paper mainly includes the following contents:(1)Demographic characteristics.The victims of child trafficking crime are mainly adopted characterized by lowering age,the number of the boys abducted is larger than that of girls abducted,the crime present the character of low age,the situation will be different in different ages,the number of the boys abducted is larger than girls abducted in childhood period,pre-school age and school-age,however,in newborn,infancy period and puberty,the opposite occurs.(2)Temporal characteristics analysis.①From the change of year,the number of child trafficking crime cases fluctuated greatly with time presenting the basic trend of two inverted u,the largest number of cases occurs around 1990s,related to China’s implementation of the family planning policy,implementation dynamics and crackdown of the police department.②From the change of month,the major crime clustering period occurs in June,July,August,and October,crime cases are less in May,January,February,September,November December,Presumably related to climate and so on.(3)Spatial Characteristics.①Spatial distribution characteristics,the distribution situation of abducted children present the pattern of "turn out from the west while turn in to the mid-eastern".Major areas of supply-front of trafficking crime locate in southwest china including Sichuan province,Guizhou province and Yunnan province,major areas of demand-front of trafficking crime locate in Central China,East China and south china including Henan province,Hebei province,Shandong,Guangdong and Fujian;exploratory spatial data analysis indicates the distribution of child trafficking crime is not random,the similar units cluster in space,the high spatial units tend to be concentrated in high spatial units,the distribution shows the characteristics of spatial positive correlation,the low spatial units tend to be concentrated in low spatial units.②Field flow characteristics,the crime presented the distribution feature of three major crime areas and two major trafficking routes,two crime flows exist in the three crime fields,there is a certain driving and reflux,the north line and the south line are respectively formed from Yunnan province,Guizhou province,Sichuan province to Fujian province,Guangdong provinces and from Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan provinces to Henan province,Hebei province,Shandong provinces,the north line and the south line form certain Incidental flow respectively while through Shanxi province and Guangxi Province,the obvious circumfluence exists in Henan province,Guangdong province and Fujian province.③Spatial evolution characteristics,high infection regions of the supply-front of trafficking crime evolve from "one piece"(Sichuan province)to the "contiguous"(Sichuan province + Guizhou province),and then to "one big piece and one small piece"(Sichuan province+Guizhou province+Yunnan province,Guangdong province),finally to the "three small piece"(Guizhou province,Guangdong province,Henan province),high infection regions of the demand front of trafficking crime present the differentiation situation of north and south located in North China,Southern China.The Markoff matrix indicates provinces of high crime gradation and low crime gradation are the most,provinces of middle-high crime gradation and middle-low crime grade are the least,which indicates that there was a trend in the"Polarization" of child trafficking crime development level,from the perspective of transferring probability of child trafficking crime,there is a certain degree of mutual transformation in four grades of spatial distribution,however,transferring probability from provinces of high and low gradation to other gradation is less than transferring probability from provinces of middle-high and middle-low to other gradation.The Markov matrix of average transferring probability of child trafficking crime indicates the spatial level distribution of supply-front crime is more stable than the spatial level distribution of demand-front of crime.④ Spatial difference characteristics,the difference exists between the provinces and seven geographical regions.The difference between provinces of supply-front of trafficking crime is smaller caused by the difference between regions,the difference between provinces of demand-front of trafficking crime is larger caused by the reginal internal difference.The difference of supply-front of trafficking crime fluctuate more smoothly than that of demand-front of trafficking crime,which shows that the regional distribution of supply-front of crime is more stable than that of demand-front of crime.(4)Mechanism analysis.The analysis through grey correlation degree and correlation coefficient shows that the poverty effect the supply-front of trafficking crime.strict family planning policy and the backward concept of fertility effect the demand-front of trafficking crime,but with the development of social economy and more floating and migration of people,influencing factors of child trafficking crime have changed,the supply-front of trafficking crime areas diffuse,the demand-front of trafficking crime areas tilt to the south.(5)Countermeasures and suggestions.Based on the above analysis,and under the guidance of the relevant theory of crime,countermeasures of control child,trafficking crime from the aspect of the legal,social,prevention.