On Zhuangzi’s Transcendence Of Spiritual Dilemma

Zhuangzi’s thought has a different significance in the history of Chinese philosophy.He explores the true realm of life and exalts human subjectivity.His spiritual realm of "free and comfortable" and his magnificent mind of "Tao is one" constitute the humanistic background of the Chinese nation’s open-minded and optimistic.Moreover,Zhuangzi had a great sorrow for all the people in the world and a deep call for the value of life.He calmly examined the values of his times and expressed his accusation of the secular values and pursuit of the ideal realm in a strange and colorful language,aiming at surmount the spiritual predicament.This paper uses literature research and comparative research methods to analyze how Zhuangzi realizes transcendence of spiritual dilemma.Zhuang Zi’s transcendence of spiritual dilemma has its profound thought resources.The way that the Chinese nation surpasses the spiritual dilemma follows the rational path from the external transcendence to the internal transcendence.Lao Zi’s "Tao" has laid the ontological and cosmological foundation for Taoist philosophy.It is on the basis of inheriting the ideological tendency of "the unity of nature and man" and inheriting the concept of "Tao" that Zhuang Zi carries out his discussion on the spiritual dilemma and attempts to surmount the spiritual dilemma.Zhuangzi’s words are colorful but not out of touch with reality.The seemingly contradictory debates in his works reveal various spiritual dilemmas in the thought world of Zhuangzi.These contradictions,perplexities and anxieties in his inner heart deeply affect Zhuangzi and his contemporaries.Spiritual dilemma is a kind of situation that people of all ages will encounter.It is the deep-seated anxiety when the contradiction between the external environment and people’s inner psychological demands cannot be solved for a long time.This paper analyzes the profound meaning of the debate between small and big,right and wrong,and life and death in Zhuangzi’s language,and reveals the spiritual dilemmas Zhuangzi and the people of his time faced.The causes of these spiritual dilemmas include the alienation of the soul caused by the restriction of rites and music,the destruction of human’s spiritual nature by artificial acts,and the ultimate dilemma,namely the inner fear caused by death.Zhuangzi talked about metaphysics and Taoism but did not take his life lightly.He denies the external transcendent power and regards man as the transcendent subject.This paper points out that the subject of transcendence is not heaven,earth,ghosts and spirits,but people who have achieved the Tao.However,under the social environment at that time,Zhuangzi clearly realized that individuals could do nothing about the social environment.Therefore,Zhuangzi had no intention to force social freedom,but just helped people achieve spiritual transcendence through a series of spiritual cultivation efforts to get rid of the spiritual predicament caused by war.Such as "Mo Ruo to Ming" dialectical attitude to resolve devoid of disputes;Such as "sit forget to see alone" intuition and listen to the gas pass on the road;Such as "will not meet" the rule of inaction to shun the sky and win things do not hurt,such as establish the ultimate goal of "free and easy" and reach the ideal state of "no wait".All kinds of methods to transcend the spiritual dilemma show the characteristics of immanence,dialectics and art.Zhuang Zi’s thoughts constitute the humanistic background of the Chinese nation open-minded and optimistic.The author then points out that in the spiritual world,Zhuangzi’s theory of transcending the spiritual dilemma is still helpful for today’s people to achieve spiritual freedom and harmony of life.In the ecological sense,Zhuangzi’s nontreatment of human and nature is conducive to the construction of ecological civilization of harmonious coexistence between human and nature.Politically,the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind reflects the political tolerance and equality advocated by Zhuangzi.