| Border cities refer to cities located in border areas of countries,and are and are usually important gateway cities for international trade and economic cooperation.Due to many factors such as historical and geographical,most of my country’s border cities remain distant from national and regional economic centers.As a result,their economic and social advancements have been hindered,leading to an array of challenges,including substantial population migration,limited industrial competitiveness,and a low degree of openness.Following the launch of the "Belt and Road Initiative" in 2013,the implementation of the "Several Policies of the State Council on Supporting the Development and Opening up of Key Areas along the Border" in 2015,and the call for a "new pattern of comprehensive opening-up" during the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2017,border cities have emerged as strategic fulcrums and vanguard windows for external openness,capitalizing on their distinct locational advantages.The development of border cities has garnered increased attention,engaging scholars from diverse disciplines such as economics,political science,sociology,and geography.Academics from various fields have conducted extensive research on border city development using different perspectives and methodologies,resulting in notable advancements in both theoretical and practical domains.The development of border cities is subject to a multitude of factors,with "geopolitical" elements being the most prominent.Their openness and growth exhibit high geopolitical sensitivity,rendering them susceptible to the political,economic,military,and diplomatic fluctuations of neighboring countries while displaying significant economic reliance on surrounding nations.Hunchun,situated in eastern Jilin Province in Northeast China,is the nation’s sole border city at the confluence of China,North Korea,and Russia.Renowned for its unique position where "the goose’s cry echoes across three countries and the tiger’s roar reverberates throughout three borders," it maintains a strategic maritime connection with Japan and South Korea,serving as a crucial node in both domestic and international circulation as well as an essential hub for China’s northern opening-up endeavors.Consequently,this paper employs Hunchun City as a case study to analyze its industrial development from a geoeconomic standpoint,aiming to providing reference for the opening and development of Hunchun City and other border cities.The paper encompasses the following key aspects:(1)Theoretical Analysis and Literature Review: the concepts of geoeconomics,geo-environment,geoeconomic environment,open economy,and urban functional orientation were elucidated.It also systematically reviewed pertinent theories in geoeconomics,international trade,and industrial structure evolution.Moreover,it synthesized advancements in research on border city industrial development,regional key industry selection benchmarks,and open economy evaluation indicator systems related to the study’s theme.(2)Geoeconomic Environment and Functional Orientation Analysis of Hunchun City: Hunchun City’s natural location and socioeconomic context were expounded.The analysis also investigated Hunchun City’s geoeconomic environment,acknowledging the intricacies of the Northeast Asian geopolitical setting while highlighting the stability of its economic structure and the robust complementarity of production factors among neighboring nations.Analyze the opening development history and function orientation of Hunchun City,and its primary function centered on external openness was emphasized since 1992,with the city’s role as a hub progressively reinforced throughout its development.(3)Measurement and Influencing Factors Analysis of Hunchun City’s Open Economy: Based on the open economy concept,a border city open economy evaluation indicator framework encompassing both external and internal openness was established.Utilizing the entropy method,coupling coordination model,and barrier degree model,the research explored the level,progression,and determining factors of Hunchun City’s open economy from 2001 to 2020.The city’s steadily improving economic openness indicates that bolstered by national openness policies and within the context of economic globalization,the openness levels of China’s border cities had consistently advanced.The oscillations in economic openness mirrored the heightened sensitivity and economic reliance of China’s border cities on the evolving relationships with neighboring countries throughout their open development.(4)Analysis of Hunchun City’s Industrial Development and Selection of Key Industries: Drawing on industrial statistical data,this section provides a descriptive statistical analysis of Hunchun City’s industrial structure from 2001 to 2020.Within this timeframe,the city’s total economic output surged from CNY 1.25 billion to CNY 9.11 billion,while the tertiary industry structure continually improved,shifting from an18:41:41 ratio to a 7:49:44 ratio.The study summarizes the distinctive features of Hunchun City’s industrial development,including a strong correlation between economic growth and openness,substantial promotion of economic development by foreign investment,enduring stability in leading industries alongside challenges in industrial transformation,and limited,unsustainable optimization of the industrial structure.Conventional regional criteria for selecting key industries for development prove unsuitable for border cities;hence,the research proposes a criteria for choosing key industries in border cities that accommodates the geoeconomic environment,aligns with urban functional orientation,and encompasses open industries.By employing quantitative and qualitative methods,textiles and apparel,seafood processing,logistics,and tourism emerge as the key industries for development.(5)Countermeasures and Recommendations for Enhancing Key Industries in Hunchun City: The limitations of the textiles and apparel,seafood processing,logistics,and tourism industries were examined.Addressing these constraints and taking into account each industry’s distinct development traits and strengths,targeted improvement countermeasures and strategies were proposed. |
PDF Full Text Request