| On the basis of the acceptance of the concept of "commiseration" by literati in previous generations,literary scholars of the Qing Dynasty clarified the construction of aesthetic standards for "commiseration" and the requirements of creative standards.Based on the acceptance of the concept of "commiseration" by the literati in previous generations,the literary scholars of the Qing Dynasty clarified the construction of aesthetic standards for "commiseration" and the requirements of creative standards,and at the same time proposed ways to develop the style of "commiseration" in the creation of poetry and literature,providing practical writing techniques for the literati.Based on two compilations of poetic discourses,Qing Poetic Discourses and Qing Poetic Discourses,and other representative poetic discourses as basic research materials,this paper constructs a basic framework for the study of the concept of "commission".This paper focuses on five aspects: First,it elaborates the meaning of "commiseration",including the semantic meaning of "commiseration" and the aesthetic meaning based on the Twenty-four Poems.The scope of "Compliment" is discussed,and the connection between the categories of "Qu","Wan",and "Ambiguity" and "Compliment" is explored.The connection between the categories of "bent," "euphonious," and "ambiguous" and "bent.The second is to explore the theoretical origins of the concept of "commiseration" before the Qing Dynasty,taking the four major historical stages from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Wei-Jin and North-South Dynasties,the Tang Dynasty,the Song and Yuan Dynasties,and the Ming Dynasty as entry points to sort out the process of the concept of "commiseration" from its inception,stereotyping,development to perfection.Thirdly,we analyze the ideological and cultural background of the formation of the concept of "commission" in the Qing Dynasty.Under the oppressive environment,the creative mindset of the literati changed,while the Confucian poetic principle of "gentleness and generosity" returned with the aim of seeking stability and consolidating the ruling status quo,and the spiritualists intended to reconstruct the poetic spirit and pursue a higher level of aesthetic feeling.Fourthly,we analyze the specific theoretical connotation of the concept of "commission" in Qing Dynasty poetic discourse.First,from the perspective of aesthetic construction and aesthetic standards,"commiseration" has different manifestations in different poetic styles,while in terms of external poetic expression,the commissive text must be audible,powerful and rhythmic.Secondly,this chapter will summarize the aesthetic creation and requirements of"commiseration" from the aspects of intention,line,and sound and rhythm.Fifth,we will explore several artistic techniques of the aesthetic concept of "commiseration" in the poetic discourse of the Qing Dynasty.The poetic scholars advocated the inheritance of the wind and the people’s will,the use of fugue poetry,repeated lingering,or the use of similes and metaphors;the use of syntax for sound and rhythm,causing the syntactic variation of poetic language,is an effective way to make the poetic meaning of the commiseration deep euphonious;the use of side descriptions in the creation of the original intention,the use of leaves and flowers,through the twist and staccato to show the subtlety of the commiseration.In general,the poetic theorists of the Qing Dynasty made a rich theoretical interpretation of the concept of "commiseration".Although each theorist had different opinions,they mostly took the path from the poetic method and did not leave the deep theoretical exploration of the content and form of poetry.At the same time,many poetry theorists have turned their attention and tone to the analysis of the artistic styles of specific poets and poetic works.This paper will also discuss the acceptance and value of the concept of "commiseration" in the field of poetics in the context of the poetic discourse of the Qing dynasty,in which poems were evaluated in terms of "commiseration". |
