E-C Translation Of Hedges In Academic Writing From The Perspective Of Appraisal Theory

The original text of this report is taken from the monograph Nature,Society,and Justice in the Anthropocene,which explores how money and technology shape our thinking,society,and ecological relationships.The book,as an academic text,is logical and well written.In order to facilitate academic communication with readers,and to put forward new ideas tentatively,the author makes extensive use of hedges.Previous studies on hedges have mostly focused on semantic analysis,pragmatic strategies and discourse construction,but less on the translation of hedges in conjunction with appraisal theory.Therefore,based on appraisal theory and a large number of translation examples,this paper explores the Chinese translation techniques of hedges in academic discourse,with a view to providing insights into relevant translation research as well as academic English writing and teaching.Appraisal theory is divided into three subsystems: attitude,intervention and gradation.Attitude is about the expression of the attitude of appraisal subjects,intervention is the source of the attitude,and gradation is mainly related to the intensity of the appraisal effect.As for hedges,most scholars adopt this classification:approximators and shields.Since there is an overlap in semantics,pragmatics and linguistic forms between appraisal theory and hedges: intervention corresponds to shields and gradation corresponds to approximators,this report,based on appraisal theory,classifies hedges into three types,attitude hedges,intervention hedges and gradation hedges.The author summarizes the relevant translation strategies and techniques required for translating hedges by combining with case studies.For the above three types of hedges,the author mainly adopts the translation strategy of naturalization,but in terms of the use of specific translation techniques,the there are some differences: as regards to attitude hedges,naturalization strategy needs to be supplemented by foreignization strategy,partial reverse translation and word conversion,so as to intervention hedges,we can adopt translation techniques such as augmentation and reverse translation;and in case of gradation hedges,supplementary translation techniques such as augmentation and word order adjustment can be used.This report reveals the guiding role of appraisal theory on the translation of hedges in academic discourse,with a view to providing reference for other translators who translate such texts in the future.