| Socially Shared Retrieval-Induced Forgetting(SS-RIF),most of them happen in the process of communicating with others.The listener will forget relevant but unmentioned information because of the speaker’s selective recall of information intentionally or unintentionally.The occurrence of this effect means that the recall of the same event between groups will gradually become similar in social conversation and interaction,which is a means of forming collective memory.Previous studies have found that SS-RIF only occurs when listeners interact with real speakers but does not occur when they interact with virtual speakers(with only human voice)or when there is no speaker.This difference is not only reflected in the physical distance between the real speaker and the virtual speaker,but also in the combination of social cues in the two situations when presenting the images of others.Speakers who communicate face to face have three-dimensional,real and vivid social cues,while avatars who communicate on social platforms are two-dimensional social cues with images,sounds or embodiments.The real speaker’s more vivid combination of social cues may induce a higher sense of social presence(perceived as a real person),thus promoting the listener’s motivation to co-extract information and inducing SS-RIF,while the virtual speaker’s social cues do not convey a strong sense of social presence.So for the virtual speaker,whether the more vivid the social cues are,the more likely they are to induce social forgetting? Are social cues the boundary conditions that trigger SS-RIF?Previous studies have focused on the effect of interaction between real speakers and listeners on social forgetting,while less attention has been paid to virtual speakers.Based on previous studies,this study explored the effect of virtual speakers on listeners’ social forgetting by presenting different combinations of social cues on social platforms.Three mixed experimental designs were used to investigate the effects of social cue-induced social presence on SS-RIF.Specifically,experiment 1 was based on the image of a real speaker,adding images to the virtual speaker(only presenting human voice)discussed in previous studies to investigate the effect of the social context of real and virtual speakers on SS-RIF of listeners under the same social cues.The results showed that SS-RIF effect also appeared in the listeners under the virtual speaker context,which may be related to the higher sense of social presence induced by social cues.Experiment 2 further verification experiment 1 speculation of speaker for clues to induce social presence can be induced by the listener SS-RIF boundary conditions,found no matter whether the speaker has social cues,the listener will appear SS-RIF effect,the level of social presence and no clues to social groups and SS-RIF level group are significantly lower than the social cues.In experiment 3,a new combination of social cues was used to explore whether humanoid vivid and highly embodied social cues could induce higher social presence and SS-RIF level.There were no significant differences in social presence and SS-RIF forgetting levels between high and low embodied social cues.In this study,social presence and social agency theory were combined to discuss the above results,and the following conclusions were drawn: the induction of SS-RIF phenomenon in the listener was independent of whether the speaker had social cues,even though the SS-RIF induced by social cues was the same in different situations.At the same time,vivid and embodied humanoid social cues did not significantly improve the speaker’s sense of social presence and the listener’s SS-RIF level.This shows that socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting is stable and universal.Just like memory is spread in face-to-face communication,memory convergence between listener and speaker is also formed through communication on non-face-to-face social media. |
